Gonadotropins and HPG Axis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which hormone stimulates the Leydig's cells to synthesize testosterone in males?

  • Inhibin
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH) (correct)

What is the function of FSH in males according to the text?

  • Stimulates synthesis of estrogen
  • Stimulates the Leydig's cells
  • Stimulates the Sertoli's cells to synthesize inhibin
  • Initiates and maintains spermatogenesis (correct)

Which cells does LH stimulate in females according to the given information?

  • Leydig's cells
  • Granulosa cells (correct)
  • Sertoli's cells
  • Theca cells

What is sensitized by Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) activation of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis?

<p>Pituitary gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone reduces growth hormone secretion and is used in the treatment of acromegaly?

<p>Somatostatin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones are responsible for stimulating production of mature eggs in the ovaries?

<p>FSH and LH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs are used to manipulate the actions of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis?

<p>Gonadotrophins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is used to confirm postmenopausal age in women?

<p>FSH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of GnRH agonist in fertility treatment?

<p>Induce release of gonadotrophins for mature follicles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is not typically increased by the administration of GnRH agonist?

<p>Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of gonadotropins in the reproductive system?

<p>Facilitate ovulation and menstruation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones are part of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis?

<p>FSH and LH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition would GnRH agonist NOT be a suitable treatment?

<p>Primary testicular failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Thyrotropes (thyrotrophs) in the anterior pituitary lobe?

<p>Release thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What hormone stimulates testosterone production in males?

A hormone that stimulates the Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone.

What is the function of FSH in males?

FSH stimulates the production and maturation of sperm cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.

Which cells does LH stimulate in females?

LH stimulates the Granulosa cells in the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone.

What is sensitized by GnRH activation of the HPG axis?

The pituitary gland is sensitized by GnRH, which triggers the release of FSH and LH, the hormones that influence male and female reproductive functions.

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Which hormone inhibits growth hormone secretion?

Somatostatin is a hormone that inhibits growth hormone production and is used to treat excessive growth hormone secretion (acromegaly).

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Which hormones stimulate mature egg production in the ovaries?

FSH and LH, both produced by the pituitary gland, play essential roles in the development and maturation of eggs in the ovaries.

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Which drugs manipulate the actions of the HPG axis?

Gonadotropins are drugs that mimic the effects of FSH and LH, used in fertility treatments.

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What hormone is used to confirm postmenopausal age in women?

FSH levels rise significantly after menopause, making it a reliable indicator of postmenopausal age.

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What is the primary function of GnRH agonist in fertility treatment?

GnRH agonists stimulate the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH, triggering the development of mature follicles for ovulation.

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What hormone is NOT increased by GnRH agonist?

GnRH agonists, while stimulating FSH and LH, do not affect the production of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone).

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What is the role of gonadotropins in the reproductive system?

Gonadotropins, like FSH and LH, regulate the processes of ovulation and menstruation, playing a crucial role in female reproductive health.

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Which hormones are part of the HPG axis?

FSH and LH, secreted by the pituitary gland, are the key hormones involved in the HPG axis, orchestrating male and female reproductive functions.

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In which condition would GnRH agonist NOT be suitable?

GnRH agonist would not be suitable for primary testicular failure, as it would not be able to directly stimulate the testes to produce testosterone.

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What is the primary function of Thyrotropes?

Thyrotropes release TSH, which stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones essential for regulating metabolism and other bodily functions.

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Study Notes

Hormone Regulation

  • Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates Leydig's cells to synthesize testosterone in males.
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates sperm production in males.

Hormone Functions

  • LH stimulates theca cells in females.
  • GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone) activates the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis, sensitizing the pituitary gland.
  • Somatostatin reduces growth hormone secretion and is used to treat acromegaly.

Reproductive System

  • FSH and LH stimulate the production of mature eggs in the ovaries.
  • GnRH agonists are used to manipulate the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis.

Menopause and Fertility

  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is used to confirm postmenopausal age in women.
  • The primary function of GnRH agonist in fertility treatment is to suppress gonadotropin release, allowing for controlled ovarian stimulation.

Hormone Interactions

  • GnRH agonist increases LH and FSH production, but not insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
  • Gonadotropins (LH and FSH) play a crucial role in the reproductive system, stimulating gamete production.
  • The hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis includes GnRH, LH, FSH, and sex steroids.

Pregnancy and Treatment

  • GnRH agonist is not suitable for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome treatment.
  • Thyrotropes (thyrotrophs) in the anterior pituitary lobe stimulate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) production, regulating thyroid function.

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