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Questions and Answers
What hormone is responsible for stimulating LH and FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary?
What hormone is responsible for stimulating LH and FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary?
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (correct)
- Leptin
- Estrogen
- Insulin
In anorexia, why is there a decrease in GnRH pulsation?
In anorexia, why is there a decrease in GnRH pulsation?
- Increased levels of progesterone
- Elevated levels of estrogen
- High levels of insulin
- Low levels of leptin (correct)
What is the mechanism behind reduced ovarian hormone production and follicle stimulation in conditions with decreased GnRH pulsation?
What is the mechanism behind reduced ovarian hormone production and follicle stimulation in conditions with decreased GnRH pulsation?
- Elevated levels of leptin
- Normal GnRH pulsation
- High progesterone levels
- Increased LH and FSH secretion (correct)
What effect do GnRH receptor agonists like leuprolide have when administered continuously?
What effect do GnRH receptor agonists like leuprolide have when administered continuously?
Which hormones inhibit the secretion of GnRH through negative feedback?
Which hormones inhibit the secretion of GnRH through negative feedback?
What effect does insulin resistance have in high-BMI females with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)?
What effect does insulin resistance have in high-BMI females with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)?
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Study Notes
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
- Produced by the hypothalamus, stimulating the secretion of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary
- Regulates the secretion of "gonadotropins" (LH and FSH), which are peptide hormones
Amenorrhea in Anorexia
- Caused by decreased GnRH pulsation due to low leptin levels
- Leptin is required for adequate GnRH pulsation, and its deficiency leads to reduced GnRH pulsation
- Leptin's role in satiety is important, as its deficiency in anorexia leads to hunger and decreased GnRH pulsation
Effects of GnRH Pulsation
- Decreased GnRH pulsation leads to decreased LH and FSH secretion
- Resulting in reduced ovarian hormone production and follicle stimulation
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
- Insulin resistance in high-BMI females causes abnormal GnRH pulsation
- Abnormal GnRH pulsation leads to an increased LH/FSH ratio
GnRH Receptor Agonists
- Leuprolide, goserelin, and nafarelin are GnRH receptor agonists
- When administered continuously, they cause desensitization of the GnRH receptor at the anterior pituitary
- Resulting in decreased LH and FSH secretion, despite being pharmacologic agonists
Negative Feedback
- GnRH secretion is inhibited by estrogen, androgen, and progesterone
- This inhibition is a negative feedback mechanism
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