Energy
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating appetite?

  • Ghrelin (correct)
  • Leptin
  • PYY3-36
  • Insulin
  • What is the primary role of Neuropeptide Y in the hypothalamus when eating is involved?

  • Stimulating Agouti-related peptide (correct)
  • Enhancing leptin production
  • Inhibiting melanocortin
  • Activating PYY3-36
  • In terms of food intake regulation, what does melanocortin stimulation lead to?

  • Inhibition of food consumption (correct)
  • Enhancement of PYY3-36 production
  • Increased Agouti-related peptide activity
  • Stimulation of Neuropeptide Y
  • Which region in the hypothalamus is involved in signaling to stop eating?

    <p>Paraventricular nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for inhibiting food intake and enhancing melanocortin production?

    <p>Leptin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is associated with inhibiting eating and suppressing Agouti-related peptide and Neuropeptide Y?

    <p>PYY3-36</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does the Satiety center primarily serve within the hypothalamus?

    <p>Indicating fullness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the breakdown of polysaccharides into monosaccharides to generate ATP?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes individuals with higher metabolic efficiency in terms of heat loss?

    <p>Decreased heat loss due to less energy waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neuropeptide helps to eat more?

    <p>Neuropeptide Y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is released by adipose tissue to regulate body weight?

    <p>Leptin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is considered an antagonist in the context of appetite suppression?

    <p>Agouti-related peptide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is the largest hormone-secreting organ in the body?

    <p>Adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When leptin is released, what does it inhibit?

    <p>Agouti-related peptide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone plays an important role in controlling body weight and stores energy?

    <p>Leptin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does insulin do in relation to body weight regulation?

    <p>Suppresses appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Alpha melanocytes stimulating hormone' is derived from which precursor?

    <p>'Pro-opiomelanocortin'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Melanocortin receptors' in the brain are competed for by which two hormones?

    <p>'Alpha melanocytes stimulating hormone' and 'Agouti-related peptide'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of insulin in fuel selection?

    <p>Stimulates glycogenesis and lipogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a glucose reading of 6mol/l whilst fasting indicative of prediabetes?

    <p>It falls within the range for prediabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the body determine which nutrient to metabolize according to the text?

    <p>By utilizing glucose over fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue is primarily broken down to release glucose when fasting for an extended period?

    <p>Muscle tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Cori cycle involve?

    <p>Conversion of lactate to glucose in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does insulin have on lipid catabolism?

    <p>Inhibits lipolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to save glucose for certain organs like the brain?

    <p>The brain cannot use fatty acids for energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone plays a key role in balancing anabolism and catabolism?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to adipose tissue during feeding according to the text?

    <p>It stores excess nutrients from food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of insulin in regulating body weight?

    <p>Storing excess nutrients as fat in adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT influence basal metabolic rate?

    <p>Surface area of the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direct method used to measure metabolic rate based on?

    <p>Heat produced by the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the brain controls long-term energy balance and short-term food intake control from meal to meal?

    <p>Arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do chemical messengers influence the body's nutritional status?

    <p>By controlling energy input and output balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of hormones like T4 and adrenaline in relation to basal metabolic rate?

    <p>Influence basal metabolic rate levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of energy balance, what should happen to maintain a neutral state?

    <p>Energy input should be equal to energy output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Arcuate nucleus" is responsible for which aspect related to food intake control?

    <p>Long-term control of food intake from meal to meal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is indirect calorimetry considered less accurate compared to direct calorimetry?

    <p>Not based on the amount of oxygen consumed or CO2 given out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signals and regions involved in stopping eating?

    <p>Neuropeptide Y and melanocortin; Paraventricular nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the role of PYY3-36 in relation to eating behavior.

    <p>Inhibits eating; Produced by small and large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location of the Satiety center?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define catabolism and provide an example.

    <p>Degrade fuel to generate ATP; E.g. breakdown of polysaccharides into monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the concept of metabolic efficiency.

    <p>Amount of work achieved for a given amount of energy expended</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for stimulating appetite?

    <p>Ghrelin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the role of Gluconeogenesis in metabolism.

    <p>Making glucose from amino acids; Regenerating metabolites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the difference between anabolic and catabolic processes in metabolism.

    <p>Anabolic regenerates metabolites; Catabolic degrades fuel to generate ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does PYY3-36 influence Agouti-related peptide and Neuropeptide Y?

    <p>Suppresses them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Lateral hypothalamic area in eating behavior?

    <p>Firing Neuropeptide Y and inhibiting melanocortin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leptin is released by adipose tissue and stimulates appetite.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Agouti-related peptide is an agonist that activates melanocortin receptors in the brain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin plays no role in controlling body weight or metabolism.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neuropeptide Y and Agouti-related peptide are both hormones released by the adipose tissue.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hypothalamus does not play a role in regulating food intake.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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