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Goals of Science and Mertonian Norms Quiz

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Goals of Science and Mertonian Norms Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the order of steps in inductive reasoning?

Hypothesis - observation - pattern - theory

Pattern - observation - hypothesis - theory

Observation - pattern - hypothesis - theory (correct)

Theory - hypothesis - observation - confirmation

According to Logical Empiricism, what should theories be verifiable by?

Logical reasoning

Empirical evidence (correct)

Hypotheses

Observations

Who created the problem of induction, which questions the validity of induction?

Vienna Circle

John Locke

David Hume (correct)

Karl Popper

What does Falsification theory state about a statement being falsifiable?

It means the theory can be disproven through observations. Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher believed that knowledge is based on ideas and can be known through pure reasoning?

Rationalist philosopher Signup and view all the answers

What group of scientists was primarily concerned with non-rational philosophies as a threat to society?

Vienna Circle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the Mertonian norm of 'Communism' in science?

Knowledge is shared and not owned by individuals Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Universalism' emphasize in the context of science?

Scientific statements rely on objective observations and logical consistency Signup and view all the answers

How does 'Disinterestness' contribute to scientific research?

By ensuring scientists act without ideological motivation Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the core principles of 'Organized skepticism' in science?

Withholding judgement until sufficient certainty is reached Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of 'Epistemology' in relation to truth?

Examining the nature and origin of truth Signup and view all the answers

How do the two philosophical stances mentioned in the text view the pursuit of truth?

We reach closer to the truth through knowledge Signup and view all the answers