GNM Supplementary Exam: Midwifery and Gynaecology
78 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is meant by the term Midwife?

A midwife is a healthcare professional who provides care to women during pregnancy, labor, and childbirth.

What is meant by term Quickening?

Quickening refers to the first fetal movement felt by the mother.

What is meant by the term Dystocia?

Dystocia refers to difficult or abnormal labor.

What is meant by the term Zygote?

<p>A zygote is a fertilized egg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inability of the new-born to initiate the breach is ______?

<p>Congenital hip dislocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Excessive vomiting in early pregnancy is known as ______?

<p>Hyperemesis gravidarum</p> Signup and view all the answers

The normal length of umbilical cord is ______?

<p>50-60 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

The average duration of third stage of labor in primigravida mother is ______?

<p>5-10 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term Threatened abortion?

<p>Threatened abortion occurs when there is bleeding from the vagina during pregnancy, but the cervix is closed and the membranes are intact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define True pelvis and its diameter.

<p>The true pelvis is the portion of the pelvis below the pelvic brim, shaped like a funnel and is important for labor. Its diameters are a measurement of the distance between the inner pelvic bones. These are used to judge possible problems with the baby passage through the birth canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the nurse's responsibility during oxytocin infusion ?

<p>Nurses are responsible for monitoring the patient's vital signs, uterine contractions, and fetal heart rate, ensuring that the infusion is delivered at the correct rate and that the patient does not experience any adverse effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the physiological changes during puerperium.

<p>Physiological changes during puerperium (postpartum) involve the uterus contracting back to its original size, the lochia (vaginal discharge) decreasing, and the hormonal changes in the body returning to pre-pregnancy levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of amniotic fluid?

<p>Amniotic fluid protects the fetus from injury, regulates temperature, and aids in lung development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Eclampsia?

<p>Eclampsia is a serious condition that occurs during pregnancy or shortly after childbirth, characterized by seizures and coma, often preceded by a condition called preeclampsia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the clinical features of Eclampsia.

<p>High blood pressure (A), Visual disturbances (B), Bleeding in the brain (C), Seizures (D), Swelling in the hands and face (E), Protein in the urine (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the nursing management of a patient with Eclampsia?

<p>This involves maintaining airway, managing seizures, monitoring vital signs, providing supportive care, and ensuring the safety of the mother and baby, while also assessing for preeclampsia signs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Caesarean section and explain the types of Caesarean section.

<p>Caesarean section is a surgical procedure to deliver a baby by making an incision through the abdomen and uterus. Types include: Lower Segment (the most common), Classical (rarely used now), and a Transverse (typically used for more serious cases).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the Pre and Postoperative care of a patient with Caesarean section.

<p>Preoperative care involves preparing the patient for surgery, including assessment of the patient's medical history. Postoperative care includes managing pain, preventing infection, promoting wound healing, and educating the patient about recovery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fertilization of ovum normally takes place in fundus of the uterus.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Menopause is the sign of pregnancy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Softening of cervix is called palmar's sign.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Saucer shaped depression just below or at the umbilicus is present in Occipito-posterior position.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term Crowning?

<p>Crowning is the visual appearance of the baby's head at the vaginal opening during labor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term Lie?

<p>The lie refers to the relationship between the baby's spine and the mother's spine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by Vasa Previa?

<p>Vasa previa is a rare condition where the fetal blood vessels run across the cervical opening, which can be ruptured during labor or a vaginal exam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Precipitate labor?

<p>Precipitate labor is a labor that progresses very rapidly - less than three hours from the onset of labor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Intermittent painless uterine contraction is called ______?

<p>Braxton Hicks contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pregnancy occurring outside the uterine cavity is called as ______?

<p>Ectopic pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

First stool of the baby is called as ______?

<p>Meconium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Craving for special food items during pregnancy is called as ______?

<p>Pica</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Foetal skull

<p>The fetal skull is composed of several bones that are not yet fused together, allowing the head to mold and change shape during labor to pass through the birth canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term Episiotomy?

<p>Episiotomy is a controlled incision made in the perineum (the area between the vagina and the anus) during labor to enlarge the vaginal opening to prevent tearing or injury during delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Partograph?

<p>A partograph is a graph that is used to monitor the progress of labor. It tracks the mother's vital signs, the baby's heart rate, and the dilation and descent of the cervix over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain Hyperemesis gravidarum.

<p>Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of morning sickness that can lead to dehydration and nutritional deficiencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain Permanent methods of family planning.

<p>Permanent methods of family planning are those that sterilize the individual or prevent pregnancy permanently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Labor.

<p>Labor is the process by which the baby and placenta are delivered from the uterus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the stages of labor.

<p>Third Stage (A), Second Stage (B), First Stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the physiological changes of first stage of labor.

<p>The first stage of labor involves the dilation of the cervix, softening of the cervix, and thinning of the cervix as the baby descends into the birth canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) and list the types and causes of PPH.

<p>Postpartum hemorrhage is the loss of more than 500ml of blood within 24 hours of childbirth. It is usually classified as early PPH occurring within 24 hours or late PPH. PPH can be caused by uterine atony, retained placental tissue, lacerations or tears in the birth canal, and problems with blood clotting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the management of a patient with true PPH?

<p>It involves managing the patient's vital signs and ensuring that they are stable. The medical provider will need to determine what caused the PPH and take the appropriate measures to stop the bleeding, such as massage of the uterus, administering medication, or even surgical intervention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oxytocin is used as uterine relaxant.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Evisceration is a birth injury.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colposcope is used for the visualization of cervix.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The relationship of the spine to the foetal head is called position.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Shoulder dystocia?

<p>Shoulder dystocia occurs when the baby's shoulders become stuck in the birth canal after the head is delivered. This can lead to a birth injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term Dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

<p>Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, or DUB, occurs when there is irregular bleeding from the uterus. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including hormonal imbalances, stress, or fibroids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain Uterus.

<p>The uterus is a muscular, hollow organ that is located in the pelvic region of the female body. It is where the fetus develops during pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain Appraisal of a new born.

<p>An appraisal of a newborn baby is a thorough assessment of the baby's overall health, well-being, and physiological functioning. This includes evaluating the baby's weight, length, and head circumference. It also involves assessing the baby's vital signs, reflexes, and overall appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Malpresentation and list the causes of malpresentation.

<p>Malpresentation occurs when the baby is not in the ideal head-down position for vaginal delivery. It can be caused by factors such as a breech presentation, a transverse lie, or a brow presentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the outcome and the nursing management of a patient with occipito-posterior position?

<p>An occipital-posterior position can lead to a longer and more difficult labor. Nurses will need to assist the medical provider by providing supportive care, monitoring the mother's vital signs and the baby's heart rate, and explaining the process to the mother and family.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Uterine Fibroids and list the types of fibroids?

<p>Uterine fibroids, also called leiomyomas, are noncancerous tumors in the uterus. The three main types are intramural, subserosal, and submucosal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the management of a patient with abdominal hysterectomy?

<p>It includes providing supportive care, managing pain, monitoring for complications, and educating the patient about recovery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term Leukorrhoea?

<p>Leukorrhea is a whitish or yellowish vaginal discharge that is often normal and occurs due to hormonal changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term False Pelvis?

<p>The false pelvis, or the greater pelvis, is the upper portion or the part that lies above the pelvic brim, and therefore does not affect the labor process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term Dystocia?

<p>Dystocia refers to difficult or abnormal labor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Methergine is used to decrease the uterine contraction.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hydrops Fetalis is the most serious form of Rh haemolytic disease.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oligohydramnios is a state where liquor amni exceeds more than 2000 ml

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Episiotomy is surgically planned incision on the abdomen.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Anterior fontanelle.

<p>The anterior fontanelle, also known as the soft spot, is a diamond-shaped area located at the intersection of the baby's frontal and parietal skull bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term Colostrum?

<p>Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mother's breasts a few days after the baby is born. It is a thick, yellow fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the term Lie?

<p>The lie refers to the relationship between the baby's spine and the mother's spine. It is important to note that the baby may be laying in a longitudinal, transverse or oblique lie.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which maternal factor is NOT considered a risk during labor?

<p>Having multiple children (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fetal issues may complicate labor?

<p>Intrauterine growth restriction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common maternal risk associated with prolonged labor?

<p>Infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What risk is associated with maternal age over 35 during labor?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which risk factor is specifically related to maternal medical history?

<p>Previous obstetric complications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition may lead to postpartum hemorrhage during labor?

<p>Uterine rupture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a fetal risk during labor?

<p>Fetal heart monitoring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern for midwives regarding maternal mental health during labor?

<p>Impact on care and wellbeing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of continuous intrapartum monitoring during labor?

<p>To detect and respond to potential maternal and fetal problems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an effective strategy for risk reduction during labor?

<p>Educating mothers about risks and signs of complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is critical for managing risks during labor?

<p>Continuous assessment of both mother and baby's well-being (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does effective communication play in risk management during labor?

<p>It fosters collaboration between medical staff and the mother for better care (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT important in assessing risks during childbirth?

<p>Understanding maternal preferences regardless of medical advice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medical intervention might be necessary for managing complications during labor?

<p>Blood transfusions and medication management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do high-risk antenatal clinics contribute to risk management in labor?

<p>By offering specialized care for women with increased pregnancy risks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for achieving favorable outcomes in high-risk pregnancies?

<p>Comprehensive risk assessment, proactive management, and supportive care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Midwife

A healthcare professional trained to provide care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.

Quickening

The first fetal movements felt by the mother.

Dystocia

Difficult or abnormal labor.

Zygote

A fertilized egg.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inability of the new-born to initiate the breach

A condition where the newborn is unable to initiate the delivery process.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Excessive vomiting in early pregnancy

Hyperemesis gravidarum

Signup and view all the flashcards

Umbilical cord length

The average length of the umbilical cord is about 50 cm.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Third stage of labor (primigravida)

The average duration for the third stage of labor in a woman who is pregnant for the first time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Threatened abortion

A condition where the risk of miscarriage is present.

Signup and view all the flashcards

True pelvis

The lower part of the female pelvis involved in childbirth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nurses responsibilities during oxytocin infusion

Monitoring the mother's response and labor progress, vital signs, side effects, and safety check.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Physiological changes during puerperium

Changes in the mother's body after childbirth, including uterine contraction, lochia, and hormone levels.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Amniotic fluid functions

Protection, temperature regulation, musculoskeletal development, and lung maturity of the fetus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eclampsia

A severe complication of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, seizures, and organ damage.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eclampsia clinical features

Symptoms of high blood pressure, seizures, and potential complications of eclampsia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eclampsia nursing management

Care of a patient with eclampsia, including monitoring vital signs and seizure precautions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Caesarean section

Surgical birth procedure performed in which the baby is delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Types of caesarean section

Variations in caesarean section approaches.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Preoperative care of caesarean section

Care provided before the surgery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Postoperative care of caesarean section

Care given after a caesarean delivery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Induction of labor

Stimulating labor artificially.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Female infertility causes

Conditions causing difficulty in conceiving.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Non-stress test

Monitoring fetal heart rate response to movement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Uterine prolapse

The dropping of the uterus into the vagina.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Types of uterine prolapse

Variations in the degree of uterine descent.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hysterectomy management

Post-surgical care for a patient undergoing hysterectomy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Maternal Medical History

A woman's pre-existing health conditions, like diabetes or hypertension, can significantly impact labor and increase the risk of complications.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Previous Cesarean Section

Having a previous cesarean delivery increases the likelihood of needing another cesarean in subsequent pregnancies.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fetal Distress

A baby experiencing distress during labor may have a slowed heart rate or other signs of trouble.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Excessive bleeding after childbirth can be a serious complication.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pre-eclampsia

High blood pressure and protein in the urine during pregnancy can lead to complications for both mother and baby.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy can pose risks for both mother and baby.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mental Health Risks

Depression or anxiety during pregnancy and childbirth can affect both mother and baby.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cardiac Conditions

A mother's heart health needs careful assessment throughout pregnancy and labor.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Intrapartum Monitoring

Continuous monitoring of mother and baby's vital signs throughout labor to detect and respond to potential problems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM)

Measures fetal heart rate and uterine contractions to assess fetal well-being.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Leopold Maneuvers

External palpation of the mother's abdomen to assess fetal presentation and position.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Early Recognition of Risks

Prompt intervention for identified risks during labor to prevent complications.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Medical Interventions

Procedures like Cesarean section, medication, or blood transfusions used to manage complications during labor.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Prenatal Care

Regular check-ups and management of pre-existing medical conditions for a healthy pregnancy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

High-risk Antenatal Clinics

Specialized care for women with pregnancies at increased risk, providing more intensive monitoring and management.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Evidence-based Practice

Using the latest research and proven medical practices to ensure safe and effective care during labor.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

GNM Supplementary Examination Notes

  • Exam Name: Karnataka State Diploma in Nursing Examination Board, GNM Supplementary Examination
  • Exam Dates: February 2020, September 2019, August 2018, February 2018, August 2017, February 2017, August 2016, February 2016, August 2015, February 2015, and February 2014
  • Subject: Midwifery and Gynaecology Nursing
  • Paper Type: 3rd Year Paper-I
  • Duration: 3 Hours
  • Maximum Marks: 75

Definitions

  • Midwife: A healthcare professional trained to provide women's health care, including prenatal, labor, and postnatal care.
  • Quickening: The first fetal movements felt by the mother.
  • Dystocia: Difficult or abnormal labor.
  • Zygote: The fertilized egg.
  • Crowning: The fetal head appearing at the vaginal opening during labor.
  • Lie: The relationship of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the mother.
  • Vasa Previa: A condition where fetal blood vessels lie across the cervical os, at risk of tearing during labor.
  • Precipitate labor: Labor that proceeds rapidly and ends unnaturally or unexpectedly.
  • Breech presentation: The fetal buttocks or feet present first instead of the head.
  • Eclampsia: Severe pregnancy-related condition including seizures; characterized by high blood pressure and seizures.
  • Caesarean section: A surgical procedure to deliver a baby through an incision in the mother's abdomen.
  • Post-Natal Care: Care for the mother and newborn after delivery.
  • Post-partum Haemorrhage (PPH): Excessive bleeding after childbirth.
  • Malpresentation: Abnormal presentation of the fetus during labor.
  • Uterine Prolapse: The descent of the uterus from its normal position.
  • Hysterectomy: Surgical removal of the uterus.
  • Puerperal Psychosis: A form of mental illness that occurs during the postpartum period.
  • Uterine Fibroids: Noncancerous growths in the uterus.
  • Menopause: The period in a woman's life when menstruation stops permanently.
  • Colostrum: The yellowish fluid secreted from the breasts before milk production begins.
  • Leukorrhoea: A white or yellowish vaginal discharge.
  • Bregma: The junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures of the fetal skull.
  • False Pelvis: The wider, upper portion of the pelvis, less involved in childbirth.
  • Threatened abortion: Vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy, potentially leading to a miscarriage.
  • Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Persistent vomiting during pregnancy.
  • Umbilical Cord: Connects the developing fetus to the placenta.
  • Placenta: An organ that provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus.

Topics

  • Labor: Stages, physiological changes, nursing management; complications like PPH.
  • Maternal Health: Prenatal care, complications (pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, PPH, etc.), postpartum care, including Post Natal Care, and potential issues during pregnancy such as Threatened abortion, Hyperemesis Gravidarum
  • Reproductive system: Anatomy and physiology, disorders.
  • Neonatal care: Newborn assessment, care.
  • Family planning: Methods, issues, counseling.
  • Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP): Laws, procedures, and ethical considerations.
  • Obstetric emergencies: Managing complications during labor and other obstetric emergencies; including postpartum hemorrhaging (PPH).

Exam Specifics

  • Question Types: Definitions, fill-in-the-blanks, short notes, true/false, and essay-style questions.
  • Content Coverage: Comprehensive coverage of midwifery and gynecology nursing topics for 3rd-year GNM students.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Karnataka State Diploma in Nursing Examination Board GNM Supplementary Examination February 2020 PDF

Description

Prepare for the Karnataka State Diploma in Nursing GNM Supplementary Examination with focused notes on Midwifery and Gynaecology Nursing. This quiz covers key definitions and concepts relevant for the 3rd Year Paper-I, ensuring you're ready to ace the exam.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser