Glycolysis: Key Steps and Enzymes
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Questions and Answers

What is the product of the reaction catalyzed by hexokinase?

  • Fructose-6-phosphate
  • Glucose-6-phosphate (correct)
  • Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
  • Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of Fructose-6-phosphate to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate?

  • Phosphofructokinase-1 (correct)
  • Hexokinase
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
  • Aldolase

What products are formed from the cleavage of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate?

  • Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (correct)
  • Pyruvate and ATP
  • 3-Phosphoglycerate and 2-Phosphoglycerate
  • Fructose-6-phosphate and Glucose-6-phosphate

Which reaction is catalyzed by Enolase?

<p>Dehydration of 2-Phosphoglycerate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction does Phosphoglycerate kinase perform?

<p>Substrate-level phosphorylation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Glucose to Glucose-6-phosphate

Glucose is converted to glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme hexokinase through phosphorylation.

Glucose-6-phosphate to Fructose-6-phosphate

Glucose-6-phosphate is isomerized into fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucoisomerase.

Fructose-6-phosphate to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Fructose-6-phosphate is phosphorylated to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate by phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1).

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to DHAP and G3P

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is cleaved into two three-carbon molecules: dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), by Aldolase.

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1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate to 3-Phosphoglycerate

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is converted into 3-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate kinase using substrate-level phosphorylation, releasing energy.

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Study Notes

Glycolysis: Key Steps and Enzymes

  • Glucose is phosphorylated to Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by the enzyme Hexokinase. This is an irreversible step.
  • Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) is isomerized to Fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) by the enzyme Phosphoglucoisomerase.
  • Fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) is phosphorylated to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F1,6BP) using ATP by Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1). This is another irreversible step.
  • Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F1,6BP) is cleaved into Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) by the enzyme Aldolase.
  • Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is isomerized to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) by Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM).
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) is oxidized and phosphorylated to 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (1,3BPG) by Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
  • 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (1,3BPG) undergoes substrate-level phosphorylation, producing 3-Phosphoglycerate (3PG) and ATP using Phosphoglycerate kinase.
  • 3-Phosphoglycerate (3PG) is isomerized to 2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG) by Phosphoglyceratemutase.
  • 2-Phosphoglycerate (2PG) loses a water molecule (dehydration) forming Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) with Enolase.
  • Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) produces Pyruvate and ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation by Pyruvate kinase.

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Description

Explore the crucial steps of glycolysis and the enzymes involved in each stage. This quiz covers the conversion of glucose to pyruvate, emphasizing irreversible steps and key intermediates. Test your knowledge on this fundamental metabolic pathway.

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