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Questions and Answers
What is the allosteric activator of PFK in eukaryotes?
What is the allosteric activator of PFK in eukaryotes?
What inhibits PFK-2 and stimulates fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase?
What inhibits PFK-2 and stimulates fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase?
What activates pyruvate kinase, serving as an example of feed-forward regulation?
What activates pyruvate kinase, serving as an example of feed-forward regulation?
What is the result of increasing ATP concentration in terms of pyruvate kinase activity?
What is the result of increasing ATP concentration in terms of pyruvate kinase activity?
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Under anaerobic conditions, glycolysis proceeds at higher rates than during aerobic conditions. What is this phenomenon called?
Under anaerobic conditions, glycolysis proceeds at higher rates than during aerobic conditions. What is this phenomenon called?
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What is the overall reaction of glycolysis?
What is the overall reaction of glycolysis?
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Which enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose in the first reaction of glycolysis?
Which enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose in the first reaction of glycolysis?
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What are the three possible fates for pyruvate after glycolysis?
What are the three possible fates for pyruvate after glycolysis?
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What strategy is employed in glycolysis to couple the subsequent hydrolysis of reactive substances to ATP synthesis?
What strategy is employed in glycolysis to couple the subsequent hydrolysis of reactive substances to ATP synthesis?
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What is the main purpose of the first phase of glycolysis?
What is the main purpose of the first phase of glycolysis?
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What is the net ATP yield for glycolysis?
What is the net ATP yield for glycolysis?
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Which enzyme is responsible for phosphorylating glucose in β cells and is only active when glucose levels are high?
Which enzyme is responsible for phosphorylating glucose in β cells and is only active when glucose levels are high?
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What is the fate of NADH under anaerobic conditions?
What is the fate of NADH under anaerobic conditions?
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Which enzyme is the committed step in glycolysis and is highly regulated?
Which enzyme is the committed step in glycolysis and is highly regulated?
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What regulates PFK-1 and is related to the energy status of the cell?
What regulates PFK-1 and is related to the energy status of the cell?
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Study Notes
Glycolysis and Regulation
- Hexokinase and glucokinase are responsible for phosphorylating glucose in different tissues
- Hexokinase is the first step in glycolysis, with a large, negative ΔG
- Glucokinase acts as a glucose sensor in β cells and is only active when glucose levels are high
- Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is the committed step in glycolysis and is highly regulated
- The net ATP yield for glycolysis is two ATP, with two very high energy phosphate intermediates
- NADH's fate depends on aerobic or anaerobic conditions
- Pyruvate can be oxidized to Acetyl-CoA in aerobic conditions or reduced to lactate in anaerobic conditions
- Under anaerobic conditions, lactate is formed by lactate dehydrogenase to regenerate NAD+
- The Cori Cycle is important for recovery after intense activity and involves lactate accumulation and depletion of glycogen stores
- Alcohol fermentation is important for regenerating NAD+ under anaerobic conditions
- Regulation of hexose transporters and hexokinase is coordinated with other regulatory enzymes in glycolysis
- PFK-1 is regulated by ATP, citrate, AMP, and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, and its regulation is related to the energy status of the cell.
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Description
Test your knowledge of glycolysis and its regulation with this quiz. Explore the roles of key enzymes, the ATP yield, and the fate of NADH in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Delve into the regulation of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and other important aspects of glycolysis.
