Glycolysis and Photosynthesis

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Questions and Answers

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules produced per molecule of glucose?

3 ATP, reflecting an intermediate yield after accounting for initial consumption
0 ATP, as the ATP produced is offset by the ATP consumed
4 ATP, as a total of 4 ATP are produced, with no ATP consumed
2 ATP, as 4 ATP are produced but 2 ATP are consumed in the initial steps (correct)

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of NADH in glycolysis?

NADH inhibits key glycolytic enzymes when ATP levels are low, preventing overproduction of pyruvate.
NADH is produced when glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is oxidized, and it carries electrons to be used later in oxidative phosphorylation. (correct)
NADH is directly used to phosphorylate glucose, initiating the glycolytic pathway.
NADH acts as the final electron acceptor in glycolysis, forming water.

In the absence of oxygen, what pathway does pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, typically follow in animal cells?

Hydrolysis to carbon dioxide and water.
Conversion to acetyl-CoA to enter the citric acid cycle.
Oxidation via the electron transport chain.
Fermentation to lactate, regenerating NAD+. (correct)

What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

To capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT directly involved in the electron transport chain of the light-dependent reactions?

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does the proton gradient generated during the light-dependent reactions contribute to ATP production?

The proton gradient drives protons through ATP synthase, phosphorylating ADP to form ATP. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of water in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Water is split to provide electrons to Photosystem II, producing oxygen as a byproduct. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How would a deficiency in NAD+ affect glycolysis?

Glycolysis would be inhibited because NAD+ is needed to accept electrons during the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. (B) Signup and view all the answers

If a plant were exposed to a toxin that inhibits the function of ATP synthase, what would be the most direct consequence?

Decreased production of ATP but no change in NADPH production. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What would happen to the rate of the Calvin cycle if the light-dependent reactions stopped?

The Calvin cycle would slow down and eventually stop due to a lack of ATP and NADPH. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is ATP?

ATP is the primary energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various cellular processes.

What is Glycolysis?

The process of breaking down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH.