29 Questions
According to the text, what is an emergency?
A situation where there is an exceptional and widespread threat to life, health, and basic subsistence beyond the coping capacity of individuals and the community
Which group is most nutritionally vulnerable in an emergency?
Children
What does the text define as 'an emergency'?
A situation where there is an exceptional and widespread threat to life, health, and basic subsistence beyond the coping capacity of individuals and the community
What is meant by a 'complex emergency'?
A humanitarian crisis resulting from multiple causes like internal or external conflict, requiring an international response beyond the capacity of any single agency
According to the text, what types of emergencies are common in Country X?
Complex conflict-related emergencies, droughts, floods (often with landslides), earthquakes, and famine
What is the definition of a 'nutrition emergency' according to the 1995 United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition (UNSCN) threshold system?
A situation with a Child Mortality Rate (CMR) of 2/10,000/day, Under-5 Mortality Rate (U5MR) of 4/10,000/day, and wasting of over 10%
What does the Integrated Phase Classification System (IPC) aim to achieve?
Develop a common scale for food security classification comparable across countries and include non-nutrition indicators such as disease, access to water, and conflict
Where have some of the largest famines in terms of excess deaths occurred?
Asia – China (1958-1962) and Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (1990s)
What are the key differences between different emergencies according to the text?
Length, cause, impact, affected groups, and humanitarian response
What is the most recent classification system to be developed according to the text?
Integrated Phase Classification System (IPC)
Which region has suffered more frequent famines according to the text?
Africa
What is the root cause for the largest famines in Asia according to the text?
Government policies that led to massive food shortages
What are some examples of non-nutrition indicators included in the Integrated Phase Classification System (IPC)?
Disease, access to water, and conflict
What is the main purpose of the glycaemic index (GI)?
To rank carbohydrates based on their effects on blood glucose levels
What is the difference between glycaemic response, glycaemic index (GI), and glycaemic load?
Glycaemic response measures the speed of carbohydrate digestion, while GI measures the overall effect on blood glucose levels, and glycaemic load measures the total carbohydrate content of a food item
How does the classification of the glycaemic index (GI) work?
It compares the blood glucose increase caused by a test food to that of a reference food for 2 hours following ingestion
What is the main impact of rapidly digestible or absorbed carbohydrates on blood glucose levels?
They cause a quick rise in blood glucose levels
What is the key benefit of low glycaemic index (GI) diets?
Stable blood glucose levels and improved management of diabetes
What type of study was done by Jenkins et al. in 1981?
A study to develop the glycaemic index (GI)
What is the formula to calculate the glycaemic load (GL)?
GL = (GI of food × grams of CHO per serving) ÷ 100
What is the glycaemic load (GL) value range for 'Moderate GL'?
11 – 19
Which type of starch has a slower rate of digestion and results in a lower GI?
Amylose
What is the average GI of the test food calculated from in the GI protocol?
10 volunteers
What are the GL values for 1/2 cup converted, long grain (LG) rice and 1/2 cup glutinous rice?
8 and 28 respectively
What is the main difference between amylopectin and glycogen?
Presence of protein core
What does GLYCOGEN & CELLULOSE have in common?
-CH2OH groups alternating above and below the plane, with no side chain
What is the difference in glucose units between amylose and amylopectin?
~200 to ~20k glucose units in amylose, ~2 x 106 glucose units in amylopectin
"Rapidly broken down, rapidly absorbed, and rapidly increase blood sugar" describes:
High GI foods
"Slowly broken down and hence gradually increase blood sugar overtime" describes:
Low GI foods
Learn about the concept of glycaemic index (GI), its protocol, factors influencing GI, and the benefits of low GI diets. This quiz covers the basics of GI and its significance in nutrition and dietetics.
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