Understanding Glycemic Index and Exercise
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Questions and Answers

Which process involves primarily a reversal of glycolysis?

  • Lipolysis
  • Anaerobic glycolysis
  • TCA cycle
  • Gluconeogenesis (correct)
  • During which conditions is gluconeogenesis increased?

  • Sleep
  • Short-term fasting
  • After a meal
  • Prolonged illness (correct)
  • Which is an important source for the amino acid pools?

  • Pyruvate from TCA cycle
  • Glycerol from lipolysis (correct)
  • Acetyl CoA
  • Lactate from anaerobic glycolysis
  • What is the main function of glucose 6-phosphatase in gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Converts glucose 6-phosphate into glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't Acetyl CoA be used for gluconeogenesis?

    <p>It lacks a glucogenic precursor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transporter is responsible for the movement of glucose and galactose into enterocytes?

    <p>GLUT 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause pain, bloating, nausea, and flatulence after consuming dairy products?

    <p>Lactose intolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dietary fiber helps prevent constipation and promotes regular bowel movements?

    <p>Insoluble fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an indication of how rapidly blood glucose levels rise after food consumption?

    <p>Glycemic Index</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition may result in increased retention of water in the colon leading to diarrhea?

    <p>Malabsorption syndromes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fatty acids are produced by the rapid digestion of dietary fiber by colonic microorganisms?

    <p>Short-chain fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of low glycemic foods when consumed before exercise?

    <p>Maintain stable glucose levels during exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of consuming high-glycemic index foods?

    <p>Insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hepatocytes in the liver with regards to glucose?

    <p>ATP generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does insulin affect glucose uptake within the liver?

    <p>Promotes glucose uptake for fuel and storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of most Fructose and Galactose when they reach the liver?

    <p>Stored as glycogen or triacylglycerol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important that the liver does not require insulin for the direct uptake of glucose?

    <p>To ensure a constant supply of glucose to vital organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of UDP-glucoronate in the body?

    <p>Increase blood solubility for excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are glycoproteins primarily found in the body?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecules are glycolipids?

    <p>Carbohydrate chains attached to lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does insulin affect glucose storage in the body?

    <p>Facilitates glucose storage as glycogen in muscles and liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is impaired insulin signaling a key factor leading to hyperglycemia in Type 2 diabetics?

    <p>Reduced insulin sensitivity in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substrates contribute to the production of glucose during gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Glycerol and amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)?

    <p>Insulin resistance, diabetes type 2, and obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by an increase in production of triglycerides due to excess fructose metabolism?

    <p>Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia?

    <p>Light-headedness, confusion, and coma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone promotes gluconeogenesis and lipolysis while inhibiting glycolysis?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of lactate produced during anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Used as energy by heart and skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the oxidation of glucose to pyruvate followed by the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of aerobic glycolysis in mitochondria?

    <p>Generates intermediates for biosynthetic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

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