Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which nerve is responsible for supplying the gluteus maximus muscle?
Which nerve is responsible for supplying the gluteus maximus muscle?
What is the unique anatomical feature of the superior gluteal nerve in relation to the piriformis muscle?
What is the unique anatomical feature of the superior gluteal nerve in relation to the piriformis muscle?
Which of the following muscles is NOT supplied by the superior gluteal nerve?
Which of the following muscles is NOT supplied by the superior gluteal nerve?
Where does the sciatic nerve enter the gluteal region?
Where does the sciatic nerve enter the gluteal region?
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What is the primary function of the sciatic nerve?
What is the primary function of the sciatic nerve?
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What structure forms the superior boundary of the gluteal region?
What structure forms the superior boundary of the gluteal region?
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Which of the following muscles is part of the superficial group in the gluteal region?
Which of the following muscles is part of the superficial group in the gluteal region?
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Which nerve is responsible for innervating the gluteus maximus?
Which nerve is responsible for innervating the gluteus maximus?
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What action is associated with the gluteus maximus muscle?
What action is associated with the gluteus maximus muscle?
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Which two muscles are included in the deep group of gluteal muscles?
Which two muscles are included in the deep group of gluteal muscles?
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Which gluteal nerve is involved in the innervation of the piriformis muscle?
Which gluteal nerve is involved in the innervation of the piriformis muscle?
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What is the primary action of the quadratus femoris muscle?
What is the primary action of the quadratus femoris muscle?
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Which of the following vessels supplies blood to the gluteal region?
Which of the following vessels supplies blood to the gluteal region?
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Which nerve enters the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen and innervates the quadratus femoris muscle?
Which nerve enters the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen and innervates the quadratus femoris muscle?
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What anatomical structure separates the pudendal nerve from the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region?
What anatomical structure separates the pudendal nerve from the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region?
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The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh supplies sensory innervation to which area?
The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh supplies sensory innervation to which area?
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What is the main function of the pudendal nerve?
What is the main function of the pudendal nerve?
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Which of the following contains the gemellus superior muscle innervation?
Which of the following contains the gemellus superior muscle innervation?
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Which structure is considered the major route for passing between the pelvis and the gluteal region?
Which structure is considered the major route for passing between the pelvis and the gluteal region?
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Which nerve has no branches in the gluteal region?
Which nerve has no branches in the gluteal region?
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What lies anterior to the plane of the deep muscles in the gluteal region?
What lies anterior to the plane of the deep muscles in the gluteal region?
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Which of the following nerves is responsible for supplying skin in a larger area compared to other cutaneous nerves?
Which of the following nerves is responsible for supplying skin in a larger area compared to other cutaneous nerves?
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What does the lesser sciatic foramen primarily connect?
What does the lesser sciatic foramen primarily connect?
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Which nerve is responsible for innervating the gluteus medius and minimus muscles?
Which nerve is responsible for innervating the gluteus medius and minimus muscles?
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What is the primary function of the iliotibial tract?
What is the primary function of the iliotibial tract?
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Which artery originates from the posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery?
Which artery originates from the posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery?
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Which of the following muscles is innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris?
Which of the following muscles is innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris?
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What is the insertion point for the tensor fasciae latae?
What is the insertion point for the tensor fasciae latae?
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Which muscle is primarily responsible for laterally rotating the extended femur?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for laterally rotating the extended femur?
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Which nerve innervates the piriformis muscle?
Which nerve innervates the piriformis muscle?
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What anatomical feature serves as the origin for the gluteus maximus?
What anatomical feature serves as the origin for the gluteus maximus?
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Where does the inferior gluteal artery primarily supply blood?
Where does the inferior gluteal artery primarily supply blood?
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Which of the following actions does the gluteus minimus primarily perform?
Which of the following actions does the gluteus minimus primarily perform?
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Study Notes
Gluteal Region Musculoskeletal System
- The gluteal region is a transitional area between the trunk and the free lower limb.
- Boundaries:
- Superiorly: Iliac crest
- Medially: Intergluteal cleft
- Inferiorly: Gluteal fold (groove) under the buttock.
Structures in the Gluteal Region
-
Muscles:
- Three gluteus muscles (maximus, medius, minimus)
- Tensor fasciae latae
- Piriformis
- Quadratus femoris
- Obturator internus
- Two gemelli muscles
-
Blood Vessels:
- Superior gluteal vessels
- Inferior gluteal vessels
-
Nerves:
- Superior gluteal nerve
- Inferior gluteal nerve
- Nerve to the quadratus femoris
- Nerve to the obturator internus
- Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
- Pudendal nerve
Muscles of the Gluteal Region (Groups)
- Superficial Group: Gluteus maximus, Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, and Tensor fasciae latae
- Deep Group: Piriformis, Obturator internus, Superior gemellus, Inferior gemellus, and Quadratus femoris
Muscle Origins, Insertions, Innervation, and Actions
- Detailed table of muscles' characteristics is provided. Refer to the image of the table for specific information on each muscle.
Iliotibial Tract
- A thickened band of fascia lata running down the thigh and into the upper tibia.
- It connects tensor fasciae latae and the upper and superficial portions of gluteus maximus to the lateral surface of the tibia.
- Function: Stabilizes the hip joint and knee in extension.
Gluteal Blood Vessels
- Superior Gluteal Artery: Branches from internal iliac artery; supplies gluteus maximus. Has superficial and deep branches.
- Inferior Gluteal Artery: Branches from internal iliac artery; supplies gluteus maximus, nearby muscles and a branch to the sciatic nerve.
Gluteal Nerves
- Superior Gluteal Nerve: Passes above piriformis. Supplies gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae.
- Inferior Gluteal Nerve: Passes below piriformis. Supplies gluteus maximus.
Sciatic Nerve
- One of the largest nerves in the body.
- Enters the gluteal region inferior to the piriformis, and descends, innervating posterior thigh muscles.
- Supplies the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh and foot, also innervates a large area of skin in the lower limb.
Nerve to Obturator Internus
- Supplies some nearby muscles.
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris
- Lies anteriorly to the deep muscles, penetrating and innervating quadratus femoris, with a small branch to the inferior gemellus muscle.
Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of Thigh
- Enters gluteal region, immediately medial to sciatic nerve.
- Supplies a greater area of skin compared to nearby nerves.
Pudendal Nerve
- Enters the gluteal region, medial to sciatic nerve.
- Supplies the perineum, and has no branches within the gluteal region.
Greater Sciatic Foramen
- Formed by the greater sciatic notch, sacrospinous ligament, sacrotuberous ligament, and lateral border of sacrum.
- A primary passageway for nerves and vessels between the pelvis and gluteal region.
Lesser Sciatic Foramen
- Inferior to the greater sciatic foramen.
- Allows passage of tendon of obturator internus, pudendal nerve, and internal pudendal vessels.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy and innervation of the gluteal region. This quiz covers important nerves, muscles, and blood supply associated with the gluteal muscles, particularly the gluteus maximus and piriformis. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand this critical area of human anatomy!
