15 Questions
What is the role of astrocytes in glutamate degradation?
Taking up glutamate and breaking it down to glutamine
What is the function of GAD (Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase) in GABAergic neurons?
Converts glutamate to GABA
What is the role of glial glutamine synthetase in glutamate degradation?
Breaks down glutamate to glutamine
How is GABA terminated?
By GABA transaminase (GABA-T) which degrades GABA
What is the process of terminating the action of GABA?
GABA transaminase (GABA-T) degrades GABA
What is the role of GABA transaminase (GABA-T) in GABA metabolism?
Also degrades GABA
What is the fate of glutamine in the tripartite synapse involving astrocytes?
It is transferred to the presynaptic neuron
What is the primary function of glutamate in the cleft in the tripartite synapse?
It is taken up into the presynaptic neuron directly
What is the function of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) in GABAergic neurons?
Converts glutamate to GABA
What is the main role of astrocytes in supplying neurotransmitters to neurons?
Supply glutamine to GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons
What is the fate of glutamate in the tripartite synapse involving astrocytes?
It is broken down to glutamine by glial glutamine synthetase
What is the primary function of GABA transaminase (GABA-T) in GABA metabolism?
It degrades GABA
How is the action of GABA terminated?
By degradation through GABA transaminase (GABA-T)
What is the role of astrocytes in supplying neurotransmitters to neurons?
They regulate the availability and uptake of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft
What is the function of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) in GABAergic neurons?
It converts glutamate to GABA
Study Notes
GABA and Glutamate Metabolism
- Astrocytes play a crucial role in glutamate degradation.
- Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) in GABAergic neurons is responsible for converting glutamate into GABA.
- Glial glutamine synthetase in astrocytes converts glutamate into glutamine, which is then transported back to neurons.
- GABA is terminated through reuptake by neurons and astrocytes or degradation by GABA transaminase (GABA-T).
- GABA-T converts GABA into succinic acid, terminating its action.
- In the tripartite synapse involving astrocytes, glutamine is converted back into glutamate, which can then be released by neurons as a neurotransmitter.
- The primary function of glutamate in the cleft in the tripartite synapse is to serve as a neurotransmitter.
- The main function of astrocytes is to supply glutamine to neurons, which is then converted back into glutamate for neurotransmission.
- In the tripartite synapse involving astrocytes, glutamate is converted into glutamine by glial glutamine synthetase, and then transported back to neurons.
Test your knowledge of glutamate degradation and the role of astrocytes in the tripartite synapse with this quiz based on concepts from Katzung's Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 13th edition. Explore the intricate interactions between neurons and astrocytes in glutamate metabolism and transport.
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