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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an anthracycline used in anticancer therapy?
Which of the following is an anthracycline used in anticancer therapy?
- Busulfan
- Doxorubicin (correct)
- Mitomycin
- Irinotecan
What is one of the goals of combining cytotoxic drugs?
What is one of the goals of combining cytotoxic drugs?
- To prevent hair loss
- To simplify treatment regimens
- To broaden the extent of cancer cell destruction (correct)
- To target a specific bacteria
Which drug is a camptothecin?
Which drug is a camptothecin?
- Cyclophosphamide
- Epirubicin
- Carboplatin
- Irinotecan (correct)
What is a common adverse effect of antineoplastic drugs?
What is a common adverse effect of antineoplastic drugs?
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What should be monitored in a patient undergoing antineoplastic therapy?
What should be monitored in a patient undergoing antineoplastic therapy?
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Which of the following drugs are classified as alkylating agents?
Which of the following drugs are classified as alkylating agents?
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Which drug is a platinum analog?
Which drug is a platinum analog?
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Which of the following is a common adverse effect related to bone marrow suppression from antineoplastic drugs?
Which of the following is a common adverse effect related to bone marrow suppression from antineoplastic drugs?
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Study Notes
Cell Cycle Nonspecific Anticancer Drugs
- Alkylating agents:
- Examples: Busulfan, Cyclophosphamide, Mechlorethamine, Melphalan
- Anthracyclines:
- Examples: Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone
- Antitumor antibiotics:
- Examples: Dactinomycin, Mitomycin
- Camptothecins:
- Examples: Irinotecan, Topotecan
- Platinum analogs:
- Examples: Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin
Combining Cytotoxic Drugs in Cancer Treatment
- Principles:
- Broaden the extent of cancer cell destruction
- Obtain synergistic effect
- Reduce the duration of chemotherapy
- Minimize adverse effects
Mechanism of Action of Anti-Neoplastic Drugs
- Kill cancer cells, but can also harm healthy cells
- Designed to target a wide range of cells over multiple body systems
- Can have many potential side effects
Common Adverse Effects of Antineoplastic Drugs
- Gastrointestinal upset
- Bone marrow suppression:
- Anemia
- Leukopenia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Alopecia
- Hepatotoxicity
- Impaired wound healing
- Depression of the immune system
- Sterility
- Teratogenicity
Managing a Patient with Antineoplastic Therapy
- Monitor client's sensation of loss of appetite
- Assess for electrolyte imbalance
- Teach client about the cause of the consciousness and muscle cramps
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