96 Questions
Which glucose transporter has a high Km and is located in pancreas and liver tissues?
GLUT-2
Which glucose transporter is found in adipose and muscle tissues and requires stimulation by insulin?
GLUT-4
Which enzymes are involved in gluconeogenesis?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, pyruvate carboxylase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
Which enzymes are involved in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1, phosphofructokinase-2, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
What is the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis?
Conversion of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate
What is the rate-limiting step of glycolysis?
Conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate
Which hormones activate gluconeogenesis?
Glucagon and cortisol
Which hormone inhibits glucose-6-phosphatase?
Insulin
What is the overall pathway of glycolysis?
Conversion of glucose to pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules
What is the primary substrate for glycogenesis?
Glucose-6-phosphate from the glycolysis pathway
What is the key step in glycolysis?
Conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate by PFK-1
What happens to pyruvate in anaerobic conditions?
It is converted to lactic acid to regenerate NAD+
What is the primary function of glucose transporters?
To transport glucose through active transport in the gut and facilitated diffusion elsewhere
Which glucose transporter has a high Km and is located in the pancreas and liver tissues?
GLUT-2
Which glucose transporter requires stimulation by insulin and is found in adipose and muscle tissues?
GLUT-4
Which enzymes are involved in gluconeogenesis?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, pyruvate carboxylase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
Which enzymes are involved in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1, phosphofructokinase-2, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
What is the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis?
Catalyzed by fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
What is the rate-limiting step of glycolysis?
Catalyzed by phosphofructokinase-1
What hormones activate gluconeogenesis?
Glucagon and cortisol
What hormone inhibits glucose-6-phosphatase?
Insulin
What is the primary substrate for glycogenesis?
Glucose-6-phosphate from the glycolysis pathway
What is the key step in glycolysis?
Conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
What happens to pyruvate in anaerobic conditions?
It is converted to lactic acid to regenerate NAD+
Which type of glucose transporter is found in adipose and muscle tissues?
GLUT-4
Which hormone inhibits gluconeogenesis?
Insulin
Which enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step of glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1
Which enzyme is involved in both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis?
Pyruvate carboxylase
Which hormone activates gluconeogenesis?
Glucagon
Which enzyme is responsible for converting fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1
Which enzyme is responsible for converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in gluconeogenesis?
Glucose-6-phosphatase
Which enzyme is responsible for converting pyruvate to oxaloacetate in gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate carboxylase
Which molecule is used as the primary substrate for glycogenesis?
Glucose-6-phosphate from glycolysis
Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis?
Hexokinase
Which molecule is used for fatty acid synthesis?
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) from glycolysis
Which enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
What is the primary function of glucose transporters in the body?
To transport glucose through active transport in the gut
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1
Which enzyme is responsible for the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis?
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
Which hormone activates gluconeogenesis in the body?
Cortisol
What is the primary substrate for glycogenesis?
Glucose-6-phosphate from the glycolysis pathway
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid in anaerobic conditions?
Lactate dehydrogenase
Which glucose transporter is located in the pancreas and liver tissues and has a high Km (low affinity)?
GLUT-2
Which enzyme is responsible for the irreversible reaction in glycolysis?
Pyruvate kinase
Which enzyme is responsible for the bypassing of irreversible reactions in gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate carboxylase
Which hormone inhibits glucose-6-phosphatase in the body?
Insulin
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis?
Hexokinase
Which glucose transporter is found in adipose and muscle tissues and requires stimulation by insulin?
GLUT-4
What is the primary function of glucose transporters in the body?
To transport glucose through active transport in the gut and facilitated diffusion elsewhere
Which enzyme is responsible for the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis?
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
Which hormone inhibits gluconeogenesis?
Insulin
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1
Which hormone activates gluconeogenesis?
Glucagon
Which enzyme is responsible for converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the liver?
Glucose-6-phosphatase
Which enzyme is involved in both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis?
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
Which enzyme is responsible for converting pyruvate to oxaloacetate in gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate carboxylase
Which enzyme is responsible for converting glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis?
Hexokinase
What is the primary substrate for glycogenesis?
Glucose-6-phosphate from the glycolysis pathway
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in glycolysis?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid in anaerobic conditions?
Lactate dehydrogenase
What is the primary function of glucose transporters in the body?
To transport glucose through active transport
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1
Which hormone inhibits gluconeogenesis in the body?
Insulin
Which enzyme is responsible for the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate in gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate carboxylase
Which hormone activates glucose-6-phosphatase in the body?
Glucagon
What is the primary substrate for fatty acid synthesis?
DHAP
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis?
Hexokinase
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate in anaerobic conditions?
Lactate dehydrogenase
What is the primary location of GLUT-4 glucose transporters in the body?
Adipose and muscle tissues
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in gluconeogenesis?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the liver?
Glucose 6-phosphatase
What is the primary function of glucose transporters in the body?
To transport glucose through active transport in the gut and facilitated diffusion elsewhere
Which enzyme is responsible for the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis?
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
Which hormone inhibits gluconeogenesis in the body?
Insulin
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1
What is the primary substrate for fatty acid synthesis in the body?
DHAP from the glycolysis pathway
Which hormone activates gluconeogenesis in the body?
Glucagon
Which enzyme is responsible for producing glucose from glucose-6-phosphate in the liver and kidneys?
Glucose-6-phosphatase
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate in gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate carboxylase
What is the primary product of glycolysis in the body?
Pyruvate
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis?
Hexokinase
Which hormone activates glucose-6-phosphatase in the liver and kidneys?
Glucagon
What happens to pyruvate in the absence of oxygen in the body?
It is converted to lactic acid
Which enzyme is responsible for the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis?
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
Which hormone activates gluconeogenesis?
Cortisol
Which enzyme is involved in converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose during gluconeogenesis?
Glucose-6-phosphatase
Which hormone inhibits gluconeogenesis?
Insulin
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase-1
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate during gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate carboxylase
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis?
Hexokinase
Which hormone activates glucose-6-phosphatase?
Glucagon
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate in anaerobic conditions?
Lactate dehydrogenase
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in gluconeogenesis?
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
Which hormone activates glycogenesis?
Insulin
Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate for triglyceride synthesis?
Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Study Notes
Glucose Metabolism: Key Enzymes and Hormone Regulation
- Glucose transporters are responsible for transporting glucose through active transport in the gut and facilitated diffusion elsewhere.
- GLUT-2 is located in pancreas and liver tissues and has a high Km (low affinity), while GLUT-4 is found in adipose and muscle tissues and requires stimulation by insulin.
- Gluconeogenesis involves key enzymes such as glucose 6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, pyruvate carboxylase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).
- Glycolysis involves enzymes such as glucokinase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, phosphofructokinase-2, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
- The rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis is catalyzed by fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, while the rate-limiting step of glycolysis is catalyzed by phosphofructokinase-1.
- Gluconeogenesis bypasses the irreversible reactions of glycolysis using different enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase, PEPCK, and glucose-6-phosphatase.
- Hormones such as glucagon and cortisol activate gluconeogenesis, while insulin inhibits it.
- Glucose-6-phosphatase is activated by glucagon and cortisol and inhibited by insulin.
- The overall pathway of glycolysis involves converting glucose to pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules.
- The primary substrate for glycogenesis is glucose-6-phosphate from the glycolysis pathway, while DHAP is used for fatty acid synthesis.
- The key step in glycolysis is the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, catalyzed by PFK-1.
- In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate must be converted to lactic acid to regenerate NAD+.
Glucose Metabolism: Key Enzymes and Hormone Regulation
- Glucose transporters are responsible for transporting glucose through active transport in the gut and facilitated diffusion elsewhere.
- GLUT-2 is located in pancreas and liver tissues and has a high Km (low affinity), while GLUT-4 is found in adipose and muscle tissues and requires stimulation by insulin.
- Gluconeogenesis involves key enzymes such as glucose 6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, pyruvate carboxylase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).
- Glycolysis involves enzymes such as glucokinase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, phosphofructokinase-2, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
- The rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis is catalyzed by fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, while the rate-limiting step of glycolysis is catalyzed by phosphofructokinase-1.
- Gluconeogenesis bypasses the irreversible reactions of glycolysis using different enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase, PEPCK, and glucose-6-phosphatase.
- Hormones such as glucagon and cortisol activate gluconeogenesis, while insulin inhibits it.
- Glucose-6-phosphatase is activated by glucagon and cortisol and inhibited by insulin.
- The overall pathway of glycolysis involves converting glucose to pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules.
- The primary substrate for glycogenesis is glucose-6-phosphate from the glycolysis pathway, while DHAP is used for fatty acid synthesis.
- The key step in glycolysis is the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, catalyzed by PFK-1.
- In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate must be converted to lactic acid to regenerate NAD+.
Glucose Metabolism: Key Enzymes and Hormone Regulation
- Glucose transporters are responsible for transporting glucose through active transport in the gut and facilitated diffusion elsewhere.
- GLUT-2 is located in pancreas and liver tissues and has a high Km (low affinity), while GLUT-4 is found in adipose and muscle tissues and requires stimulation by insulin.
- Gluconeogenesis involves key enzymes such as glucose 6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, pyruvate carboxylase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).
- Glycolysis involves enzymes such as glucokinase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, phosphofructokinase-2, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
- The rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis is catalyzed by fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, while the rate-limiting step of glycolysis is catalyzed by phosphofructokinase-1.
- Gluconeogenesis bypasses the irreversible reactions of glycolysis using different enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase, PEPCK, and glucose-6-phosphatase.
- Hormones such as glucagon and cortisol activate gluconeogenesis, while insulin inhibits it.
- Glucose-6-phosphatase is activated by glucagon and cortisol and inhibited by insulin.
- The overall pathway of glycolysis involves converting glucose to pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules.
- The primary substrate for glycogenesis is glucose-6-phosphate from the glycolysis pathway, while DHAP is used for fatty acid synthesis.
- The key step in glycolysis is the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, catalyzed by PFK-1.
- In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate must be converted to lactic acid to regenerate NAD+.
Glucose Metabolism: Key Enzymes and Hormone Regulation
- Glucose transporters are responsible for transporting glucose through active transport in the gut and facilitated diffusion elsewhere.
- GLUT-2 is located in pancreas and liver tissues and has a high Km (low affinity), while GLUT-4 is found in adipose and muscle tissues and requires stimulation by insulin.
- Gluconeogenesis involves key enzymes such as glucose 6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, pyruvate carboxylase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).
- Glycolysis involves enzymes such as glucokinase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, phosphofructokinase-2, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
- The rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis is catalyzed by fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, while the rate-limiting step of glycolysis is catalyzed by phosphofructokinase-1.
- Gluconeogenesis bypasses the irreversible reactions of glycolysis using different enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase, PEPCK, and glucose-6-phosphatase.
- Hormones such as glucagon and cortisol activate gluconeogenesis, while insulin inhibits it.
- Glucose-6-phosphatase is activated by glucagon and cortisol and inhibited by insulin.
- The overall pathway of glycolysis involves converting glucose to pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules.
- The primary substrate for glycogenesis is glucose-6-phosphate from the glycolysis pathway, while DHAP is used for fatty acid synthesis.
- The key step in glycolysis is the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, catalyzed by PFK-1.
- In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate must be converted to lactic acid to regenerate NAD+.
Test your knowledge on the key enzymes and hormone regulation involved in glucose metabolism with this quiz! From glucose transporters to the rate-limiting steps of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis, this quiz covers it all. Explore the role of hormones such as insulin, cortisol, and glucagon in regulating glucose metabolism, and learn about the different enzymes involved in various pathways. Whether you're a student of biology or just interested in the science behind glucose metabolism, this quiz is perfect for you.
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