Glucose-Alanine Cycle Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the glucose-alanine cycle?

  • To convert urea into amino nitrogen in the liver.
  • To replenish the energy supply of the liver.
  • To allow non-hepatic tissues to deliver the amino portion of catabolized amino acids to the liver for excretion as urea. (correct)
  • To generate pyruvate in muscle and other peripheral tissues.

Which molecule is transaminated to alanine in the glucose-alanine cycle?

  • Glucose
  • Amino nitrogen
  • Urea
  • Pyruvate (correct)

What is the donor of the amino group in the transamination reaction in the glucose-alanine cycle?

  • An α-amino acid (correct)
  • Urea
  • Pyruvate
  • Glucose

What is the indirect mechanism for muscle to eliminate nitrogen in the glucose-alanine cycle?

<p>Transamination of pyruvate to alanine which is returned to the liver for gluconeogenesis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the amino nitrogen in the glucose-alanine cycle?

<p>It is converted to urea in the urea cycle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the α-keto acid generated in the transamination reaction in the glucose-alanine cycle?

<p>Depends on the α-amino acid used as the donor of the amino group. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the glucose-alanine cycle in energy metabolism?

<p>It replenishes the energy supply of muscle and other peripheral tissues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid is used as a donor of the amino group in the transamination reaction that generates alanine?

<p>Glutamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major function of the glucose-alanine cycle?

<p>To deliver the amino portion of catabolized amino acids to the liver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the cycle that describes the conversion of pyruvate to alanine and back to pyruvate in the liver?

<p>Glucose-alanine cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the amino nitrogen in the urea cycle?

<p>It is excreted as urea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the transamination reaction in the glucose-alanine cycle?

<p>To allow muscle cells to eliminate nitrogen while replenishing their energy supply (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissues are involved in the glucose-alanine cycle?

<p>Both hepatic and non-hepatic tissues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of the glucose-alanine cycle?

<p>Glucose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Glucose-alanine cycle

The metabolic pathway that allows non-hepatic tissues like muscle to deliver the nitrogen portion of broken-down amino acids to the liver for excretion as urea. This process helps maintain blood glucose levels and provide fuel for tissues.

What molecule becomes alanine in the glucose-alanine cycle?

Pyruvate acts as the recipient of the amino group, transforming into alanine in the muscle tissues.

What's the donor of the amino group in the glucose-alanine cycle?

The glucose-alanine cycle involves the transfer of amino groups from α-amino acids to pyruvate, converting it to alanine.

How does muscle eliminate nitrogen indirectly in the glucose-alanine cycle?

The cycle relies on the transamination of pyruvate to alanine. This process allows muscles to get rid of nitrogen waste while replenishing their energy supply.

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What happens to the nitrogen in the glucose-alanine cycle?

The nitrogen from the amino groups ends up being converted into urea in the liver, which is then excreted.

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What α-keto acid is produced in the glucose-alanine cycle?

The α-keto acid generated varies depending on the specific amino acid that donates the amino group. This generates a variety of products, each with a unique role in metabolism.

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Why is the glucose-alanine cycle important for energy metabolism?

This cycle plays a crucial role in maintaining energy levels in muscles and other tissues by providing a source of glucose.

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Which amino acid is the main amino group donor in the glucose-alanine cycle?

Glutamine acts as the primary amino group donor for the transamination reaction that forms alanine from pyruvate.

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What is the main function of the glucose-alanine cycle?

The glucose-alanine cycle's primary function is to transfer the nitrogen portion of broken-down amino acids to the liver for excretion.

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What is the name of the cycle that describes the conversion of pyruvate to alanine and back to pyruvate?

The process of converting pyruvate to alanine and back to pyruvate in the liver is known as the glucose-alanine cycle.

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What is the fate of nitrogen in the urea cycle?

Urea, a waste product formed in the liver, is the end product of nitrogen metabolism.

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What role does transamination play in the glucose-alanine cycle?

Transamination reactions are essential for the glucose-alanine cycle. They allow muscles to release nitrogen waste while simultaneously generating energy.

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Which tissues are involved in the glucose-alanine cycle?

Both muscle (non-hepatic) and liver (hepatic) tissues participate in the glucose-alanine cycle.

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What is the end product of the glucose-alanine cycle?

Glucose is the end product of the glucose-alanine cycle, providing energy to tissues.

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Study Notes

Glucose-Alanine Cycle

  • The primary function of the glucose-alanine cycle is to eliminate excess nitrogen in the form of alanine from muscles and convert it back to pyruvate in the liver.
  • In the glucose-alanine cycle, pyruvate is transaminated to alanine.
  • The donor of the amino group in the transamination reaction is glutamate.
  • The indirect mechanism for muscle to eliminate nitrogen in the glucose-alanine cycle is by releasing alanine into the bloodstream, which is then transported to the liver.
  • The fate of the amino nitrogen in the glucose-alanine cycle is that it is converted back to pyruvate in the liver and eventually used for gluconeogenesis.
  • The α-keto acid generated in the transamination reaction is pyruvate.
  • The significance of the glucose-alanine cycle in energy metabolism is that it allows muscles to conserve energy by eliminating excess nitrogen and converting it back to a usable energy source.
  • Glutamate is the amino acid used as a donor of the amino group in the transamination reaction that generates alanine.
  • The major function of the glucose-alanine cycle is to eliminate excess nitrogen from muscles and convert it back to a usable energy source in the liver.
  • The process that describes the conversion of pyruvate to alanine and back to pyruvate in the liver is also known as the glucose-alanine cycle.
  • The fate of the amino nitrogen in the urea cycle is that it is excreted in the form of urea.
  • The role of the transamination reaction in the glucose-alanine cycle is to convert pyruvate to alanine and back to pyruvate.
  • The tissues involved in the glucose-alanine cycle are muscles and liver.
  • The end product of the glucose-alanine cycle is pyruvate, which can be used for gluconeogenesis.

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