18 Questions
What are the main factors that stimulate Gluconeogenesis?
High concentration of lactate, glycerol, and amino acids
Which compound acts as an allosteric effector for PFK-1 and FBPase-1 enzymes in Gluconeogenesis regulation?
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate
What happens to the cellular level of Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in response to Glucagon?
It decreases
Which hormone signals the liver to produce more glucose when blood glucose levels decrease?
Glucagon
What is the role of insulin in the regulation of Gluconeogenesis?
Stimulates glycolysis and inhibits Gluconeogenesis
Which enzyme is inhibited by AMP and ADP but stimulated by citrate and ATP during Gluconeogenesis?
FBPase
What inhibits the alpha-KGA dehydrogenase enzyme?
Succinyl CoA
Which molecule can inhibit Citrate synthase and IDH in cellular respiration?
ATP
In vertebrate muscle, which molecule activates IDH and alpha-KGA dehydrogenase among the given options?
Ca ions
Which tissues primarily depend on glucose for their energy needs?
Brain and RBC
What is the process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors called?
Gluconeogenesis
Which organ is responsible for about 90% of Gluconeogenesis in the body?
Liver
What is the compartment where gluconeogenesis mainly occurs?
Cytoplasm
How many ATP molecules are needed for the synthesis of one glucose from 2 pyruvate or lactate?
6 ATP
Which set of reactions in gluconeogenesis are the reverse of glycolysis?
Only 7 reactions
Which enzyme converts Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to Fructose-6-phosphate in gluconeogenesis?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
Which mitochondrial enzyme converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate in the first step of gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate carboxylase
Where does pyruvate arise before being transported to the mitochondria during gluconeogenesis?
Cytoplasm
Test your knowledge on gluconeogenesis, including its pathways from different substrates like glycerol, amino acids, and propionate, as well as the regulation mechanisms involving control points such as pyruvate metabolism. Explore how factors like high lactate concentration and starvation affect gluconeogenesis.
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