10 Questions
What is the major glucocorticoid in humans?
Cortisol
Which gland releases adrenocorticosteroids into circulation?
Adrenal cortex
What controls the secretion of cortisol?
ACTH
Where is 90% of cortisol bound in the body?
Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG)
What is the typical circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion?
Peaks in early morning and diminishes at midnight
What is the typical daily release of cortisol without stress?
10-20 mg
Where is cortisol predominantly metabolized and excreted?
Liver
What percentage of cortisol is bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG)?
90%
What is the primary hormone that controls the secretion of cortisol?
ACTH
Which organ synthesizes corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG)?
Liver
Study Notes
Cortisol and Glucocorticoids
- Cortisol is the major glucocorticoid in humans.
- Adrenocorticosteroids, including cortisol, are released into circulation by the adrenal gland.
Regulation of Cortisol Secretion
- The secretion of cortisol is controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
- The primary hormone that controls the secretion of cortisol is adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Cortisol Transport and Metabolism
- In the body, 90% of cortisol is bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) and 7% is bound to albumin.
- The liver predominantly metabolizes and excreted cortisol.
- Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) is synthesized by the liver.
Cortisol Circadian Rhythm and Release
- Cortisol secretion follows a typical circadian rhythm, with peak levels in the morning and decreasing levels throughout the day.
- Without stress, the typical daily release of cortisol is around 10-20 mg.
Test your knowledge of glucocorticoids with this quiz. Explore their classification, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacological actions, adverse effects, and their role in treating adrenal disorders. Sharpen your understanding of these important steroid hormones.
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