Glucagon in Hypoglycemia Management Quiz

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What is the purpose of Phase III in the medication research process?

Determine pharmacokinetics and safe doses in humans

Determine therapeutic level and possible toxic effects

Refine the usual therapeutic dose (correct)

Evaluate dosage ranges and pharmacological use

Which of the following is NOT an alkaloid?

Atropine

Nicotine

Morphine sulfate

Insulin (correct)

What is the main purpose of Phase IV in the medication research process?

Conduct voluntary postmarket analysis (correct)

Determine therapeutic level and side effects

Evaluate a med’s pharmacological use

Refine the usual therapeutic dose

Which mineral is commonly known as Epsom salt?

Magnesium sulfate Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix "-ine" typically indicate when referring to a chemical compound?

It is an alkaloid Signup and view all the answers

In drug profiles, what does MOA stand for?

Mechanism of Action Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of animal testing in medication research?

Determine the med’s toxicity and safe doses in humans Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Diphenhydramine (BENADRYL)?

Anticholinergic properties Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of Coumadin (Warfarin) therapy?

Bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for the use of Zidovudine (Retrovir)?

Liver disease Signup and view all the answers

Which drug can precipitate adverse effects if administered with Inamrinone (Incor)?

Diphenhydramine (BENADRYL) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Oxytocin (Pitocin) in the context provided?

Sympathetic agonist, tocolytic Signup and view all the answers

What is an important note about Coumadin (Warfarin) that differentiates it from other drugs?

Antidote is vitamin K Signup and view all the answers

What is a common indication for the use of Zidovudine (Retrovir)?

HIV, AIDS Signup and view all the answers

In a patient with hypoglycemia, which medication is a secondary treatment to D50W?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of epinephrine?

Acts directly on alpha1 receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is indicated for the treatment of hypoxia?

Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of epinephrine administration?

Myocardial O2 demand, palpitations, tremor Signup and view all the answers

When should epinephrine be contraindicated for use?

In hypertension and tachycardia Signup and view all the answers

Why would glucagon not be effective in a cachexia patient?

Because the patient has no glycogen storage Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate dosage of oxygen for a patient with hypoxia?

1-6 lpm Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of microsomal enzymes in the liver?

To convert drugs into more water-soluble forms Signup and view all the answers

How does the first-pass effect through the liver affect drug administration?

It may inactivate drugs, requiring higher oral doses or IV administration Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for eliminating medications from the body through urine?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of active transport in moving substances across cell membranes?

To move substances from low to high concentration with energy Signup and view all the answers

In pharmacodynamics, what is the role of an antagonist?

Block receptor sites without initiating a response Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drug acts by altering a normal metabolic pathway?

Drugs that act as agonists Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between an agonist and an agonist-antagonist medication?

Agonists trigger expected responses, while antagonists block receptor responses Signup and view all the answers

Which medication used for preterm labor has side effects of palpitations, anxiety, dizziness, hypertension, and N/V?

Anticholinergic Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for Carbon monoxide poisoning?

High flow oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Which substance can cause 'snowball blindness' if ingested?

Methanol Signup and view all the answers

What is the classic presentation of acute Ethylene glycol poisoning?

Green/yellow visual halos Signup and view all the answers

Which medication can lead to dystonic reaction, akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Neuroleptics Signup and view all the answers

What treatment is indicated for Narcotics poisoning?

Supportive care takes priority over naloxone Signup and view all the answers

'Mad as a hatter' is associated with poisoning by which substance?

Anticholinergic Signup and view all the answers

'Visual halos (green/yellow)' are linked to toxicity from which substance?

'Decreased visual acuity' Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid is known as 'bad cholesterol' due to its role in depositing cholesterol in artery walls?

LDL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of furosemide in treating hypertension and edema?

Increasing sodium and water excretion by inhibiting their reabsorption in the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

How does HDL (good cholesterol) contribute to reducing the risk of coronary artery disease?

By transporting excess cholesterol out of the body Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications is commonly used for the treatment of hypertension and can include beta blockers and calcium channel blockers?

Antihypertensives Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of lidocaine on ventricular repolarization in the heart?

Prolongs the repolarization phase Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential life-threatening side effect of administering Lidocaine?

Acute heart failure Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly associated with the treatment of hypertension?

Dopamine Signup and view all the answers

What is a known safety issue related to the use of Furosemide?

Hypokalemia in renal failure patients Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid component is typically associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease?

LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Beta blockers in treating hypertension?

Inhibiting the sympathetic nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Lidocaine on ventricular repolarization?

Decreases the action potential duration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the effect of beta blockers in treating hypertension?

Decrease blood pressure by blocking beta-adrenoceptors Signup and view all the answers

In coronary artery disease, which lipoprotein is primarily associated with atherosclerosis?

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key mechanism of action of furosemide in the body?

Enhancing potassium excretion Signup and view all the answers

How do calcium channel blockers affect systemic vascular resistance?

Decrease vascular resistance by blocking calcium channels in smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the net effect of Dopamine administration?

Cardiac stimulation Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the effects of Beta-Agonists on the heart?

Increase inotropy and lusitropy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of LDL in coronary artery disease?

Promoting atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is commonly treated by beta blockers?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Furosemide?

Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the effect of Lidocaine on ventricular repolarization?

Lidocaine prolongs the action potential duration Signup and view all the answers

In the context of anticoagulants, which of the following correctly describes their action?

Anticoagulants inhibit platelet aggregation Signup and view all the answers

When treating hypertension, which medication is classified as a beta blocker?

Propranolol Signup and view all the answers

In coronary artery disease, what is the role of HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)?

HDL transports cholesterol away from the arteries to the liver for processing Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible mechanism of action of furosemide administration?

Furosemide inhibits aldosterone production Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Lidocaine in relation to ventricular repolarization?

Reduces the duration of the action potential Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect associated with anticoagulant therapy?

Bleeding Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of hypertension, which class of medication acts by blocking calcium channels to reduce heart rate and blood pressure?

Calcium channel blockers Signup and view all the answers

Which lipoprotein is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol' and has a role in the development of coronary artery disease?

LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of furosemide and its effect on the body?

Blocks sodium reabsorption in the kidneys resulting in diuresis Signup and view all the answers

How does the administration of Lidocaine affect ventricular repolarization in the heart?

Delays it Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect of anticoagulant therapy like Coumadin (Warfarin)?

Bleeding tendencies Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of beta blockers when used in the treatment of hypertension?

Reduce heart rate and blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid type is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol' due to its role in depositing cholesterol in artery walls?

LDL Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of furosemide when treating hypertension and edema?

Diuresis by inhibiting sodium reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of calcium channel blockers when used for hypertension treatment?

Decrease heart rate Signup and view all the answers

'Green/yellow visual halos' are associated with toxicity from which substance?

Quinine Signup and view all the answers

'Mad as a hatter' is linked to poisoning by what substance?

Mercury Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable difference between HDL and LDL regarding their role in coronary artery disease risk?

LDL contributes to the removal of cholesterol from arteries Signup and view all the answers

How does aspirin primarily affect platelet aggregation?

Inhibits it Signup and view all the answers

Glucagon in Hypoglycemia Management Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of Phase III in the medication research process?

Which of the following is NOT an alkaloid?

What is the main purpose of Phase IV in the medication research process?

Which mineral is commonly known as Epsom salt?

What does the suffix "-ine" typically indicate when referring to a chemical compound?

In drug profiles, what does MOA stand for?

What is the primary purpose of animal testing in medication research?

What is the mechanism of action of Diphenhydramine (BENADRYL)?

What is a common side effect of Coumadin (Warfarin) therapy?

What is a contraindication for the use of Zidovudine (Retrovir)?

Which drug can precipitate adverse effects if administered with Inamrinone (Incor)?

What is the primary role of Oxytocin (Pitocin) in the context provided?

What is an important note about Coumadin (Warfarin) that differentiates it from other drugs?

What is a common indication for the use of Zidovudine (Retrovir)?

In a patient with hypoglycemia, which medication is a secondary treatment to D50W?

What is the primary mechanism of action of epinephrine?

Which medication is indicated for the treatment of hypoxia?

What are the side effects of epinephrine administration?

When should epinephrine be contraindicated for use?

Why would glucagon not be effective in a cachexia patient?

What is the appropriate dosage of oxygen for a patient with hypoxia?

What is the main purpose of microsomal enzymes in the liver?

How does the first-pass effect through the liver affect drug administration?

Which organ is responsible for eliminating medications from the body through urine?

What is the primary role of active transport in moving substances across cell membranes?

In pharmacodynamics, what is the role of an antagonist?

Which type of drug acts by altering a normal metabolic pathway?

What is the key difference between an agonist and an agonist-antagonist medication?

Which medication used for preterm labor has side effects of palpitations, anxiety, dizziness, hypertension, and N/V?

What is the antidote for Carbon monoxide poisoning?

Which substance can cause 'snowball blindness' if ingested?

What is the classic presentation of acute Ethylene glycol poisoning?

Which medication can lead to dystonic reaction, akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

What treatment is indicated for Narcotics poisoning?

'Mad as a hatter' is associated with poisoning by which substance?

'Visual halos (green/yellow)' are linked to toxicity from which substance?

Which lipid is known as 'bad cholesterol' due to its role in depositing cholesterol in artery walls?

What is the primary mechanism of action of furosemide in treating hypertension and edema?

How does HDL (good cholesterol) contribute to reducing the risk of coronary artery disease?

Which class of medications is commonly used for the treatment of hypertension and can include beta blockers and calcium channel blockers?

What is the effect of lidocaine on ventricular repolarization in the heart?

What is a potential life-threatening side effect of administering Lidocaine?

Which medication is commonly associated with the treatment of hypertension?

What is a known safety issue related to the use of Furosemide?

Which lipid component is typically associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease?

What is the primary mechanism of action of Beta blockers in treating hypertension?

What is the primary effect of Lidocaine on ventricular repolarization?

Which of the following best describes the effect of beta blockers in treating hypertension?

In coronary artery disease, which lipoprotein is primarily associated with atherosclerosis?

What is the key mechanism of action of furosemide in the body?

How do calcium channel blockers affect systemic vascular resistance?

What is the net effect of Dopamine administration?

Which statement best describes the effects of Beta-Agonists on the heart?

What is the primary role of LDL in coronary artery disease?

Which condition is commonly treated by beta blockers?

What is the mechanism of action of Furosemide?

Which statement is true regarding the effect of Lidocaine on ventricular repolarization?

In the context of anticoagulants, which of the following correctly describes their action?

When treating hypertension, which medication is classified as a beta blocker?

In coronary artery disease, what is the role of HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)?

What is a possible mechanism of action of furosemide administration?

What is the primary mechanism of action of Lidocaine in relation to ventricular repolarization?

Which of the following is a common side effect associated with anticoagulant therapy?

In the treatment of hypertension, which class of medication acts by blocking calcium channels to reduce heart rate and blood pressure?

Which lipoprotein is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol' and has a role in the development of coronary artery disease?

What is the primary mechanism of action of furosemide and its effect on the body?

How does the administration of Lidocaine affect ventricular repolarization in the heart?

Which of the following is a potential side effect of anticoagulant therapy like Coumadin (Warfarin)?

What is the primary role of beta blockers when used in the treatment of hypertension?

Which lipid type is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol' due to its role in depositing cholesterol in artery walls?

What is the mechanism of action of furosemide when treating hypertension and edema?

What is the effect of calcium channel blockers when used for hypertension treatment?

'Green/yellow visual halos' are associated with toxicity from which substance?

'Mad as a hatter' is linked to poisoning by what substance?

What is a notable difference between HDL and LDL regarding their role in coronary artery disease risk?

How does aspirin primarily affect platelet aggregation?

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