GLP-1 Secretion in Obesity
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Questions and Answers

What is believed to be related to the decrease of GLP-1 in obese subjects?

  • Decreased plasma glucose levels
  • Increased plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) (correct)
  • Increased plasma glucagon levels
  • Increased plasma insulin levels

    • Where are proglucagon and proglucagon-derived peptides present in the central nervous system?

  • Nucleus tractus solitarius (correct)
  • Lateral parabrachial nucleus
  • Hypothalamic nucleus
  • Mesolimbic substrates

    • What is the effect of central GLP-1 activation on food intake?

  • Decreases food intake (correct)
  • Increases food intake
  • Has no effect on food intake
  • Delays gastric emptying

    • What is the effect of GLP-1 on gastric emptying?

    <p>Decreases gastric emptying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the expression of GLP-1 and/or GLP-1R found?

    <p>Multiple brain regions including hypothalamic feeding centers and hindbrain matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of GLP-1 on vagus nerve?

    <p>Inhibits vagus nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential therapeutic application of central GLP-1 activation?

    <p>Reducing meal intake and increasing energy consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of GLP-1 on appetite?

    <p>Decreases appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may the insulin-promoting effect of GLP-1 inhibit nutrition-mediated secretion in obese subjects?

    <p>Because GLP-1 promotes insulin secretion, which reduces NEFA levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la función del GLP-1 en el sistema nervioso central?

    <p>Participar en la regulación de la homeostasis energética</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué es el resultado del aumento de los ácidos grasos no esterificados (NEFA) en la secreción de GLP-1?

    <p>Una disminución en la secreción de GLP-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es el efecto del GLP-1 en la peristalsis gástrica?

    <p>Disminuye la peristalsis gástrica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es el resultado de la activación central del GLP-1 en combinación con la activación del GLP-2 y/OXM?

    <p>Una disminución en la ingesta de alimentos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Dónde se encuentra la expresión del GLP-1 y/o GLP-1R?

    <p>En centros de alimentación hipotalámicos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es el nombre del efecto que se produce cuando el GLP-1 reduce la velocidad de vaciamiento gástrico?

    <p>Efecto de frenado ileal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué es el resultado de la administración intraventricular de GLP-1, GLP-2 y OXM en ratones?

    <p>Una disminución en la ingesta de alimentos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es el papel del GLP-1 en la regulación del apetito?

    <p>Disminuye el apetito</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es el efecto del GLP-1 en la secreción de ácido gástrico?

    <p>Disminuye la secreción de ácido gástrico</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Por qué el GLP-1 puede influir en la regulación de la ingesta de alimentos?

    <p>Porque participa en la regulación de la homeostasis energética</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    GLP-1 Mechanism in Obesity

    • The mechanism for the decrease in GLP-1 secretion is not fully understood in obese people.
    • Increased plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) may be related to the decrease of GLP-1 in obese subjects.

    GLP-1 and NEFA

    • Higher fasting and postprandial NEFA levels may inhibit nutrition-mediated secretion of GLP-1.
    • GLP-1's insulin-promoting effect and its role as a satiety factor may be affected by NEFA levels.

    Central Nervous System and GLP-1

    • Proglucagon and proglucagon-derived peptides (GLP-1, GLP-2, and OXM) are present in a small group of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius.
    • These neurons constitute the neural pathway that connects the "visceral sensory" brainstem and the hypothalamic nucleus to participate in energy homeostasis.

    GLP-1 and Food Intake

    • Intraventricular administration of GLP-1, GLP-2, and OXM in mice significantly reduces food intake.
    • Central GLP-1 activation may be combined with GLP-2 and/or OXM activation to form a potential pharmacological tool to reduce meal intake and increase energy consumption.

    GLP-1 Expression and Appetite

    • GLP-1 and/or GLP-1R are expressed in hypothalamic feeding centers, hindbrain matrix, lateral parabrachial nucleus, and mesolimbic substrates.
    • GLP-1 expression in these regions directly affects appetite and leads to weight loss.

    GLP-1 and Gastric Function

    • GLP-1 inhibits postprandial gastric emptying and reduces gastric acid secretion.
    • GLP-1 inhibits gastric and duodenal peristalsis by inhibiting vagus nerve and increases the pressure of pylorus, leading to reduced appetite and weight loss.
    • GLP-1 participates in the "ileal braking" effect.

    GLP-1 Mechanism in Obesity

    • The mechanism for the decrease in GLP-1 secretion is not fully understood in obese people.
    • Increased plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) may be related to the decrease of GLP-1 in obese subjects.

    GLP-1 and NEFA

    • Higher fasting and postprandial NEFA levels may inhibit nutrition-mediated secretion of GLP-1.
    • GLP-1's insulin-promoting effect and its role as a satiety factor may be affected by NEFA levels.

    Central Nervous System and GLP-1

    • Proglucagon and proglucagon-derived peptides (GLP-1, GLP-2, and OXM) are present in a small group of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius.
    • These neurons constitute the neural pathway that connects the "visceral sensory" brainstem and the hypothalamic nucleus to participate in energy homeostasis.

    GLP-1 and Food Intake

    • Intraventricular administration of GLP-1, GLP-2, and OXM in mice significantly reduces food intake.
    • Central GLP-1 activation may be combined with GLP-2 and/or OXM activation to form a potential pharmacological tool to reduce meal intake and increase energy consumption.

    GLP-1 Expression and Appetite

    • GLP-1 and/or GLP-1R are expressed in hypothalamic feeding centers, hindbrain matrix, lateral parabrachial nucleus, and mesolimbic substrates.
    • GLP-1 expression in these regions directly affects appetite and leads to weight loss.

    GLP-1 and Gastric Function

    • GLP-1 inhibits postprandial gastric emptying and reduces gastric acid secretion.
    • GLP-1 inhibits gastric and duodenal peristalsis by inhibiting vagus nerve and increases the pressure of pylorus, leading to reduced appetite and weight loss.
    • GLP-1 participates in the "ileal braking" effect.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the mechanisms behind the decrease in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in obese individuals, including the potential role of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA).

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