Diuresis
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Questions and Answers

Where are the glomerular capillaries located?

  • Within the renal artery
  • Within the cortex of the kidney (correct)
  • Within the medulla of the kidney
  • Within the pelvis of the kidney
  • What drives water and electrolytes into Bowman's space and the proximal convoluting tubule (PCT)?

  • Glomerular capillary oncotic pressure
  • Renal vein pressure
  • Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure (correct)
  • Renal artery pressure
  • What percentage of the plasma entering the glomerular capillaries is filtered?

  • 20% (correct)
  • 10%
  • 50%
  • 80%
  • Where is the site of sodium, water, and bicarbonate transport from the filtrate?

    <p>Proximal convoluting tubule (PCT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the filtered sodium is removed from the urine within the PCT?

    <p>65-70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the sodium reabsorbed within the PCT?

    <p>Isosmotically, accompanied by a molecule of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens as the tubule dives into the medulla?

    <p>Becomes narrower and forms a loop (Loop of Henle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to water as it passes through the Loop of Henle?

    <p>Reabsorbed into the medullary interstitium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the loss of water in the Loop of Henle have on urine concentration?

    <p>Concentrates the urine within the Loop of Henle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does reabsorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride occur at a ratio of 1:1:2?

    <p>Thin ascending limb (TAL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the sodium load of the original filtrate is reabsorbed at the TAL?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone regulates the transporter in the distal convoluted tubule and upper collecting duct?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the reabsorption of sodium in the distal convoluted tubule and upper collecting duct?

    <p>Increased aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the collecting duct?

    <p>Increases water reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the urine impermeable to water?

    <p>Thin ascending limb (TAL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which segment of the nephron reabsorbs sodium in exchange for potassium and hydrogen ion?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regulates the activity of the transporter in the distal convoluted tubule and upper collecting duct?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is water reabsorbed in the nephron through special pores regulated by antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

    <p>Collecting duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the tubular concentration of sodium when aldosterone is increased?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

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