19 Questions
Where are the glomerular capillaries located?
Within the cortex of the kidney
What drives water and electrolytes into Bowman's space and the proximal convoluting tubule (PCT)?
Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
What percentage of the plasma entering the glomerular capillaries is filtered?
20%
Where is the site of sodium, water, and bicarbonate transport from the filtrate?
Proximal convoluting tubule (PCT)
What percentage of the filtered sodium is removed from the urine within the PCT?
65-70%
How is the sodium reabsorbed within the PCT?
Isosmotically, accompanied by a molecule of water
What happens as the tubule dives into the medulla?
Becomes narrower and forms a loop (Loop of Henle)
What happens to water as it passes through the Loop of Henle?
Reabsorbed into the medullary interstitium
What effect does the loss of water in the Loop of Henle have on urine concentration?
Concentrates the urine within the Loop of Henle
Where does reabsorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride occur at a ratio of 1:1:2?
Thin ascending limb (TAL)
What percentage of the sodium load of the original filtrate is reabsorbed at the TAL?
25%
Which hormone regulates the transporter in the distal convoluted tubule and upper collecting duct?
Aldosterone
What stimulates the reabsorption of sodium in the distal convoluted tubule and upper collecting duct?
Increased aldosterone
What is the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the collecting duct?
Increases water reabsorption
Where is the urine impermeable to water?
Thin ascending limb (TAL)
Which segment of the nephron reabsorbs sodium in exchange for potassium and hydrogen ion?
Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
What regulates the activity of the transporter in the distal convoluted tubule and upper collecting duct?
Aldosterone
Where is water reabsorbed in the nephron through special pores regulated by antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Collecting duct
What happens to the tubular concentration of sodium when aldosterone is increased?
Increases
Test your knowledge of the renal system with this quiz on glomerular filtration. Answer questions about the flow of blood through the kidney, the function of glomerular capillaries, and the filtration process in the proximal convoluted tubule.
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