Glomerular Diseases Overview

### Glomerular Diseases

• Inflammation of the glomerular capillaries can lead to various glomerular diseases.
• Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) has various forms including postinfectious, rapidly progressive, membrane proliferative, and membranous glomerulonephritis.
• IgA nephropathy, Lupus nephritis, and Diabetic neuropathy are also types of glomerular diseases.
• AGN can manifest with hematuria, edema, azotemia, proteinuria, decreased GFR, and hypertension.
• AGN can range from mild to severe, potentially leading to end-stage renal failure.
• Treatment for AGN includes supportive care, dietary modifications, antibiotics, corticosteroids, and antihypertensives when appropriate.
• Nursing management involves patient assessment, fluid balance maintenance, dietary restrictions, patient education, and follow-up care.
• Chronic glomerulonephritis can result from repeated acute nephritic episodes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, chronic tubulointerstitial injury, or glomerular sclerosis.
• Some patients with chronic glomerulonephritis remain asymptomatic for years. As glomerular damage progresses, chronic kidney disease signs and symptoms emerge.
• Abnormal laboratory test results in chronic glomerulonephritis include fixed urine specific gravity, casts, proteinuria, electrolyte imbalances, decreased GFR, and hypoalbuminemia.
• Medical management of chronic glomerulonephritis depends on the symptoms.
• Nursing management for chronic glomerulonephritis involves assessment of potential fluid and electrolyte imbalances, cardiac and neurologic status. Emotional support and teaching self-care are crucial.

This quiz covers various aspects of glomerular diseases, including acute glomerulonephritis and its different forms such as IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis. Learn about the symptoms, treatment options, and nursing management strategies. Understand the potential progression to chronic conditions and end-stage renal failure.