Glomerular Capillaries and Filtration Process
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why more than 99% of the fluid entering the renal tubules must be reabsorbed into the blood?

  • To prevent dehydration
  • To maintain the body's electrolyte balance
  • To conserve water and essential substances for the body (correct)
  • To excrete excess glucose and amino acids
  • Which substance is actively absorbed in the proximal convoluted tubules as part of tubular transport?

  • Chloride ions
  • Urea
  • Potassium ions
  • Glucose (correct)
  • What is the net filtration pressure (NFP) when the colloid osmotic pressure equals 0 mm Hg and the hydrostatic pressure in Bowman's capsule equals 18 mm Hg?

  • -10 mm Hg
  • 50 mm Hg
  • 30 mm Hg
  • 10 mm Hg (correct)
  • Which process involves transporting substances from the blood into the renal tubules?

    <p>Secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as net filtration pressure (NFP) increases?

    <p>GFR increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of the loop of Henle in the nephrons?

    <p>Reabsorption of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the glomerular filtrate?

    <p>Both useful and waste substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is glomerular filtration defined?

    <p>Volume of glomerular filtrate formed by both kidneys per unit of time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal volume of glomerular filtration in an average adult human per day?

    <p>180 mL/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves filtration of large amounts of fluid through the glomerular capillaries into Bowman's capsule?

    <p>Glomerular Filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the process of glomerular filtration represent in urine formation?

    <p>First step</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the composition of substances in the glomerular filtrate?

    <p>Non-selective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the filtered fluid in the glomerular capillaries?

    <p>Protein-free and devoid of cellular elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the glomerular capillary membrane is highly endowed with fixed negative charges that hinder the passage of plasma proteins?

    <p>Fenestrated endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hydrostatic pressure within the glomerular capillaries that favors filtration?

    <p>60 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the colloid osmotic pressure of the Bowman's capsule under normal conditions?

    <p>0 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The basal lamina of the glomerular capillary membrane consists of large spaces lined with what kind of charges?

    <p>Negative electrical charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the podocytes in the glomerular capillary membrane?

    <p>Prevent the passage of plasma proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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