Globalization Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is one potential benefit of globalization of markets?

  • Increases uneven income streams
  • Increases marketing costs
  • Reduces buyer preferences
  • Creates new market opportunities (correct)

What is an important driver of globalization?

  • Increased trade tariffs
  • Rising transportation costs
  • Falling barriers to trade and investment (correct)
  • Decreased digital communication

How does globalization of production benefit companies?

  • It requires high-cost production inputs
  • It allows access to lower-cost workers (correct)
  • It reduces access to technical expertise
  • It simplifies logistics management

What is a concern associated with globalization in relation to jobs and wages?

<p>It may harm jobs and wages in certain sectors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do international organizations play in globalization?

<p>They facilitate trade and investment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical theory emphasizes the greatest good for the greatest number?

<p>Utilitarianism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge associated with globalization and culture?

<p>Complete cultural homogenization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'greenwashing' in the context of corporate social responsibility?

<p>Misleading consumers about environmental practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of democracies that supports stable business environments?

<p>Protection of individual property rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a defining feature of a centrally planned economy?

<p>Government ownership of economic resources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential downfall of central planning as an economic system?

<p>Failure to create economic value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a market economy, which mechanism primarily determines supply and demand?

<p>Price mechanism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do anti-trust regulations play in an economy?

<p>Promote competition and address inefficiencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which legal system is characterized by detailed contracts and precedent-based traditions?

<p>Common Law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant aspect of economic freedom in relation to living standards?

<p>Tendency to coincide with higher living standards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of law is specifically based on religious principles?

<p>Theocratic Law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit of developing cross-cultural literacy for a company?

<p>Enhances competitiveness by better meeting customer needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines values in a cultural context?

<p>Ideas and beliefs to which people are emotionally attached (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes collectivism from individualism in cultural contexts?

<p>The focus on the individual's rights versus group priorities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does social status relate to social mobility?

<p>Social mobility is influenced by social stratification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements reflects how religion can influence culture?

<p>Religious beliefs affect perspectives on economics and business strategies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of different cultures' perceptions of time in the workplace?

<p>Variations in time perception affect scheduling and deadlines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of communication can vary significantly across cultures according to the content?

<p>Body language and non-verbal cues differ among cultures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of totalitarian political systems?

<p>Toleration of diverse viewpoints (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Globalization of markets increases marketing costs for companies.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Falling barriers to trade and investment do not influence the drivers of globalization.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Globalization of production allows companies to access lower-cost workers.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The debate over globalization includes concerns about income inequality within and between nations.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Digital transformation has no impact on the globalization process.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Globalization

The increasing interconnectedness of nations through economic, cultural, political, and technological exchanges.

Globalization of Markets

The trend where consumer preferences become more similar across different countries.

Globalization of Production

The process of relocating production activities to different parts of the world to minimize costs or maximize quality.

Utilitarianism

A theory that suggests ethical decisions should maximize overall happiness for the greatest number of people.

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Rights Theory

A theory that emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms.

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Justice Theory

A theory that focuses on the fair distribution of resources and opportunities.

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Corporate Social Responsibility

A company's commitment to operating in a way that benefits society and the environment.

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Circular Economy

A model for economic activity that focuses on using and reusing resources in a sustainable way.

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Culture

The shared values, beliefs, customs, and institutions of a specific group of people.

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Cross-Cultural Literacy

Understanding and appreciating the values, beliefs, and behaviors of other cultures.

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Ethnocentricity

Focusing on one's own culture as the standard and judging other cultures based on it.

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Values in Culture

Values are fundamental beliefs that shape how people think and behave.

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Attitudes in Culture

Attitudes are feelings, opinions, and tendencies towards specific subjects or concepts.

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Social Structure in Culture

The social structure outlines how individuals organize within a society.

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Individualism vs. Collectivism

The degree to which a culture emphasizes individual achievements over collective goals.

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Social Stratification

The process of ranking individuals into social layers or classes.

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Centrally Planned Economy

A system where the government owns and controls most economic resources, making decisions about production and distribution.

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Market Economy

A system where most economic resources are privately owned, and prices are determined by supply and demand.

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Mixed Economy

A system that blends elements of both centrally planned and market economies, with government intervention and private ownership.

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Supply

The amount of goods or services producers are willing to sell at a specific price.

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Demand

The amount of goods or services consumers are willing to buy at a specific price.

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Common Law

Legal systems based on tradition, precedents, and judicial decisions.

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Civil Law

Legal systems based on written laws and codes.

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Theocratic Law

Legal systems based on religious doctrines and interpretations.

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What is globalization?

The trend of increasing interconnectedness among nations in areas like economics, culture, politics, and technology.

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What is globalization of markets?

The convergence of buyer preferences across different countries, leading to similar demands for products.

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What is globalization of production?

Moving production activities to different locations around the world to minimize costs or maximize quality.

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What are some factors driving globalization?

The World Trade Organization (WTO), regional trade agreements, and international organizations like the UN, IMF, and World Bank all help reduce barriers to trade and investment, boosting globalization.

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How has digital transformation impacted globalization?

The internet, intranets, and extranets have revolutionized communication and information sharing, facilitating globalization.

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Study Notes

Globalization

  • Globalization is the trend towards greater economic, cultural, political, and technological interdependence among nations.
  • Globalization of markets involves converging buyer preferences, reducing marketing costs, and creating new market opportunities.
  • Globalization of production involves dispersing production to locations that minimize costs and maximize quality, accessing lower-cost workers, technical expertise, and production inputs.
  • Drivers of globalization include falling barriers to trade and investment, world trade agreements, regional trade agreements, other international organizations (like the UN, IMF, and World Bank), global e-commerce, and the internet (intranets and extranets).

Globalization of Markets

  • Convergence in buyer preferences around the world reduces marketing costs.
  • Creates new market opportunities and levels uneven income streams.
  • Local buyers' needs and global sustainability are crucial considerations.

Globalization of Production

  • Dispersal of production activities across locations helps companies optimize costs and increase quality.
  • Access to lower-cost workers, technical expertise, and production inputs is a key aspect.

Drivers of Globalization

  • Falling barriers to trade and investment.
  • World Trade Organization.
  • Regional trade agreements.
  • Other international organizations (UN, IMF, World Bank).
  • Global e-commerce.
  • The internet (intranets and extranets).

Globalization Debate

  • Globalization can harm jobs and wages in some cases, but also improve them in others. Efficient use of resources is a factor.
  • Debates surrounding income inequality (within and between nations), culture, national sovereignty, democracy, and the environment affect globalization.

Chapter 2: Ethics, Social Responsibility, Sustainability

  • Ethics theories include utilitarianism, rights theory, justice theory, and cultural relativism.
  • Business ethical dilemmas present significant issues.
  • Codes of ethics, sources of unethical behavior, corporate social responsibility, and the balance between efficiency/profits and social responsibility are crucial topics.

Chapter 3: Cross-Cultural Business

  • Culture is the set of values, beliefs, rules, and institutions within a group of people.
  • Cross-cultural literacy improves competitiveness and facilitates understanding customer needs.
  • National culture, subcultures, physical environment, material culture, values, attitudes, and behaviors all impact business interactions.
  • Aesthetics, specifically, influence perceptions of "good taste" in art, expressions, and colors within cultures.
  • Totalitarianism involves tight control over people regardless of their support and intolerance of opposing viewpoints (theocratic vs. secular).
  • Democracies foster representative governments, promoting freedoms, elections, and protection of rights.
  • Centrally planned economies (government control) contrast with market economies (private ownership and pricing mechanisms), influencing economic growth and activity.
  • Mixed economies combine elements of both systems.
  • Legal systems (common law vs. civil law, theocratic law) shape business practices and trade.
  • Considerations include intellectual property, product safety, antitrust regulations, and taxation.

Chapter 5: Economic Development

  • Countries are classified as advanced, emerging, or developing based on economic performance.
  • National production and unidentified economic transactions play a role.

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Description

Explore the multifaceted concept of globalization, focusing on its economic, cultural, political, and technological dimensions. The quiz covers the globalization of markets and production, along with the key drivers that facilitate these processes. Gain insights into how globalization affects buyer preferences and market opportunities.

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