Globalization and Labor Conditions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary consequence of globalization on working conditions in poor countries?

  • Increased job security for workers
  • Enforcement of environmental regulations
  • Improvement in labor laws
  • Reduction in prevailing wage standards (correct)

    • Why do poor nations offer reduced environmental and labor laws to corporations?

  • To comply with international regulations
  • To enhance the quality of goods produced
  • To increase tax revenues
  • To secure employment opportunities (correct)

    • What is the term used to describe the practices where poor countries lower standards to attract business?

  • Economic deregulation
  • Global trade agreement
  • Free trade initiative
  • Race to the bottom (correct)

    • How do individuals in poverty often cope with low incomes in terms of food consumption?

    <p>By eating cheaper but undesirable animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do Free Trade Zones play in the context of globalization?

    <p>They attract businesses without local regulations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may happen to the ability of wealthy nations to collect tax revenue due to globalization?

    <p>Tax revenues may decrease due to competition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animal mentioned is often consumed by people facing extreme poverty due to its low cost?

    <p>Bats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one outcome of workers in poor nations accepting lower wages?

    <p>Increased prevalence of poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect makes the Opioid Crisis different from other health scares like SARS or bird flu?

    <p>It is often seen as a personal flaw associated with addiction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of opioid addicts originally became addicted due to prescribed medication?

    <p>75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country is noted for not having universal healthcare among wealthy nations?

    <p>United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has contributed to discussions about the sustainability of free healthcare in Canada?

    <p>Rising costs associated with medical technology and care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one characteristic of mental illness as defined in the content?

    <p>Sustained patterns of abnormal thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor has impacted the push for privatization of healthcare in Canada?

    <p>Decrease in overall tax revenue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mentioned as a consequence of untreated mental disorders?

    <p>Unsuccessful relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of the high healthcare spending in the United States?

    <p>Healthcare spending does not correlate with positive health outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about drug addiction in the context of the Opioid Crisis?

    <p>Addiction is always a choice made by the individual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is mental illness referred to as a 'hidden epidemic'?

    <p>Shame and embarrassment discourage discussions about it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way is mental illness considered a societal problem?

    <p>It has effects beyond the individual, impacting society as a whole.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might there be less media coverage of the Opioid Crisis compared to other health scares?

    <p>It is often perceived as a personal failing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge is highlighted in understanding mental illness?

    <p>Public perceptions of mental illness have evolved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consequence of untreated mental disorders?

    <p>Educational improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the perception of mental illness changed over time according to the content?

    <p>More people report mental illnesses now than in the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does mental health encompass according to the content?

    <p>Successful performance of mental function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the perception and acknowledgment of mental illness changed over generations?

    <p>Earlier generations had little understanding and acceptance of mental health issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does culture influence the definition and recognition of mental illness?

    <p>Cultural context can change how mental illness is perceived and manifested.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cultural phenomenon in Japan does not typically get classified as a mental illness?

    <p>Workaholism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect can create confusion in distinguishing between normal grieving and clinical depression?

    <p>Context and culture affect definitions of normal emotional responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does insurance coverage play in the disclosure of mental illness?

    <p>More insurance benefits incentivize individuals to disclose mental illness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the definition of what is considered 'normal' change over time?

    <p>Social and cultural contexts can redefine what is considered normal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What misunderstanding can arise regarding the experience of depression after a significant loss?

    <p>It is unclear when grieving becomes classified as depression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was homosexuality once classified as a mental illness?

    <p>Social norms and values influenced perceptions of mental health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary issue with a free market in healthcare?

    <p>Healthcare providers might exploit the urgency of patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do people often accept high prices for healthcare?

    <p>The value of life is regarded as infinite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does universal healthcare affect pharmaceutical prices?

    <p>It often results in lower drug prices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of the value of goods in a free market?

    <p>The ability to walk away from a high price.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a treatment is perceived as too expensive in a free healthcare market?

    <p>Patients are likely to attempt self-treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the cost of pharmaceuticals in the US from other developed countries?

    <p>Lower government intervention in drug pricing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the government play in universal healthcare systems regarding supply and demand?

    <p>It actively manages and restricts market prices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of patients perceiving their health as invaluable?

    <p>Willingness to pay high prices for urgent care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are three primary reasons for the persistence of mental health stigma in society?

    <p>Fear of the mentally ill, incarceration, and violent act association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Max Weber, what role does bureaucracy serve in organizations?

    <p>It ensures employees follow rules and maintain profit-oriented behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main expectation of the government concerning corporations?

    <p>To hold corporations accountable for their actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant challenge for consumers wanting to hold corporations accountable?

    <p>The lack of interest in corporate ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of corporate influence can complicate legal accountability?

    <p>The vast resources of multinational corporations in legal battles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental goal does competition create for companies?

    <p>To maximize profit above all else</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the bureaucracy affect employees according to Max Weber?

    <p>It mandates strict adherence to roles, reducing personal judgment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome is likely if a company does not prioritize profit according to competition principles?

    <p>It may be taken over or driven out of business</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Health & Mental Health Lecture Notes

    • Introduction to Sociology course, Lecture 4, focusing on health and mental health.

    Schedule & Deadlines

    • AM Quiz #1 & #4 are due on September 22nd.
    • Lecture 4 (Health & Mental Health) is on September 22nd, from 12:10 PM to 2:00 PM.
    • Debate Paper 1 is due on Friday.
    • Tutorial 3 is next week.
    • Week 5 AM Quiz #5 is due on October 1st.
    • Lecture 5 (Social Class & Economic Inequality) is on October 2nd, from 12:10 PM to 2:00 PM.
    • Week 6 AM Quiz #6 is due on October 9th.
    • Lecture 6 (Environmental Problems) is on October 9th, from 12:10 PM to 2:00 PM.
    • Midterm is on October 14th, from 12:10 PM to 2:00 PM.

    External Requests to Share Info

    • The Toronto Experimental Economics Laboratory (TEEL) seeks student participants for economic experiments.
    • Participation is open to all U of T students.
    • Payment includes a show-up fee, plus a payment based on decisions during experiments.
    • Sign up at http://teel.economics.utoronto.ca.

    House Keeping

    • Make-up midterm application form and practice tests will be released early next week. 
    • Past essays cannot be used as examples for essays.
    •  A paper template, 18 pages of instructions, FAQs, a writing guide, grading rubric, and writing tips are available.
    • Students are encouraged to use the 30 pages of resources to write a high-quality 3.5-page double-spaced essay.
    • Delay in release of AM Quiz #5 and lecture 5 material until the next morning.

    Office Hours

    • Office hours are available (link on home page).

    Finishing - The Sociology of Education - Part 2

    • Lecture related to the sociology of education as pertaining to topics such as Race, Ethnicity and education.

    Race, Ethnicity & Education

    • Indigenous communities underperform in education in Canada.
    • Significant differences in education rates between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations.
    • Lower graduation rates and fewer degrees for Indigenous students.
    • Lower incomes and employment rates often result from these educational disparities.
    • The negative impacts of residential schools on Indigenous education.
    • Residential schools operated from 1830’s to 1996 had the goal of cultural genocide. 
    • Children were forcibly removed from families, cultural traditions were suppressed, and stripped of their identity.

    Symbolic Interactionism & Education

    • Immigrants often sacrifice to provide better opportunities for their children.
    •  Challenges immigrants may face include adapting to a new culture, language, and losing their social network.
    •  Facing racism and anti-immigration discrimination and/or lack of credential recognition.
    •  Children in immigrant families commonly pressure themselves to honor their parents' sacrifices and succeed in education.

    Health & Globalization

    • Globalization increases interconnectedness amongst societies.
    • Global communication makes monitoring and controlling disease easier, sharing scientific findings is also positive.
    • Globalization poses three challenges to health: increased travel risk of spread of disease, reduced government power to tax corporations and the wealthy, reduced work conditions in poor countries.

    Health & Globalization: Challenge 1

    • Increased travel increases the threat of spread of communicable diseases.
    • The Rio Olympics and the Zika virus infection, the current corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic and the spread of antibiotic resistant sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are examples.

    Health & Globalization: Challenge 2

    • Globalization reduces government ability to tax corporations and the wealthy.
    • Corporations can threaten to relocate to other countries.
    • This trend can lead to reduced revenue for public services and difficulties funding social programs as well as affect healthcare budgets.

    Health & Globalization: Challenge 3

    • Globalization has reduced working conditions in poor countries.
    • Countries may offer reduced environmental and labor laws to attract businesses.
    • Workers in these countries may accept low wages.
    • This dynamic is often called the "race to the bottom".

    Health & Globalization: Challenge 3 cont

    • Globalization's impact during the coronavirus pandemic.

    Health & Globalization: Challenge 2

    • Governments rely on borrowing as a result of limited tax revenue from corporations.
    • This can cause increased national debt, which future generations must repay.
    • Impacts on health systems from less funding and insufficient resources.

    Health & Globalization: Challenge 1

    • Increased travel has increased the risk of communicable diseases.
    • Examples include the Zika virus at Rio Olympics and the COVID-19 pandemic.
    • The spread of disease is also dependent on factors such as climate, living conditions, and health care quality.

    Part 2: Universal/Free vs. Privatized Healthcare

    • Saskatchewan was the first Canadian province to adopt universal healthcare in Canada.
    • Tommy Douglas was the founder of free medical care.

    The Start of Universal Medical Care

    • Tommy Douglas the founder of free medical care in Canada.
    • He preached in Weyburn Saskatchewan.
    • Weyburn is a huge farming community.

    The Start of Universal Medical Care cont

    • Pure meritocracy is not something truly real.
    • Children born into wealthy families have more advantageous opportunities. 
    • Those who come from poor families may find it difficult to succeed because of limited opportunities and resources.

    The Start of Universal Medical Care cont.

    • Meritocracy was not a powerful belief in Saskatchewan.
    • Farming and weather conditions made this region particularly vulnerable to hardship and poverty.

    ASIDE: The Role of Framing

    • Meritocracy and responsibility are significant components in today's healthcare debates.
    • Framing of issues and how they are presented in the media can influence public perception.
    • Opioid crisis example: 75% of addiction began due to physician-prescribed opioids

    The State of Canadian Care

    • Healthcare costs in Canada have increased due to advances in medical treatments and technology.
    • This increase in costs leads to conversations about the sustainability of free healthcare or the affordability of privatized options.
    • The push for privatization is linked to declining tax revenues from businesses and corporations, which impacts government funding for public services.

    The State of Canadian Care cont

    • The U.S. is the only major wealthy nation without universal healthcare.
    • Data on healthcare costs in the U.S. shows the U.S. government spends more per person on healthcare.

    The State of Canadian Care cont.

    • Overall quality of care is worse in the U.S. than in Canada and Europe.
    • Higher-income individuals in the U.S. have better healthcare outcomes than lower-income individuals.
    • This difference in healthcare is linked to the role of free market economics and the difficulty of affording healthcare without insurance.

    The State of Canadian Care cont.

    • Reasons for higher U.S. healthcare costs.
    • Difference between private and public healthcare funding models.

    The State of Canadian Care cont

    • Private healthcare models often allow more power and choice among options to consumers.
    • Cost of health and healthcare prices in different markets.

    Mental Illness: The Hidden Epidemic

    • Mental health refers to healthy functioning.
    • Mental illness refers to abnormal thinking, mood, and behavior in a person's health that causes significant distress and/or difficulty in their daily functioning.

    Mental Illness: The Hidden Epidemic cont

    • Untreated mental health issues can lead to various societal problems, such as poor educational achievement, unemployment, violence, and even death.

    Mental Illness: The Hidden Epidemic cont.

    • The effects of mental illness are widespread, impacting individuals, families, friends, and loved ones.
    • Challenges in understanding and addressing mental health. There are three primary challenges for defining mental health in relation to modern day society, the concept of a 75-year-old definition of mental illness, stigma and prevalence.

    Mental Illness: The Hidden Epidemic cont

    • Mental illness is often tied to cultural norms (such as extreme work ethic) and morality that can be more difficult for some to overcome if they conform less to these views.
    • Mental illness can cause behaviors that may be different from societal norms, and this can cause fear or anxiety from those around them in society. 

    Mental Illness: The Hidden Epidemic cont

    • Mental illness is a hidden epidemic because mental problems discourage people from talking about them.
    • Fear of judgment or discrimination can lead people to suffer in silence.

    Mental Illness: The Hidden Epidemic cont.

    • There are three significant challenges in trying to understand and deal with the mental illness epidemic.
    • Mental illness is a social construct defined by consensus, not just by biology.
    • Cultural norms influence how mental illness presents and is perceived.

    Mental Illness: The Hidden Epidemic cont.

    • Societal norms regarding mental illness often tie into different interpretations of morality.
    • For example, actions that are viewed as morally reprehensible (such as suicide bombing), might also be seen as abnormal behavior rather than a mental illness.

    Part 5: Corporations & Bad Science

    • Corporations prioritize profit above all else, sometimes at the cost of ethical considerations.
    • The fundamental goal of any company is to make as much money as possible, and so companies prioritized profit over other goals. 

    The Problem with Corporate Influence (Who holds corporations responsible?)

    • Governments and other relevant authorities are supposed to hold corporations accountable.
    • This is problematic since governments are influenced by lobbyists and political donations.
    • This can often give corporations vast amounts of influence and power especially when it comes to legal battles.

    Costs of Doing Business

    •  Corporations often face few significant penalties for actions that can be harmful to society.
    • This can lead to more unethical actions and more negative effects.

    When Science is Dismissed for Opinion

    • Bad science is a problem all across fields of health, society, and environment.
    • The food industry often funds their own studies on their products, and often times these studies can be misleading.
    • A good example is the dispute on whether or not sugar or vaccines cause harm to human health.

    When Science is Dismissed for Opinion (Academic vs. Private Industry Science)

    • Academic science is more trustworthy and has processes to verify findings.
    • Private industry science is less trustworthy as their results might be biased or influenced by factors for their employers' interests.

    When Science is Dismissed for Opinion (Spurious causes)

    • The spurious causal argument is when a false statement of cause and effect is made, it is critical to not assume cause and effect from unrelated issues.

    When Science is Dismissed for Opinion & Vaccines/Autism

    • The belief that vaccines cause autism has proven to be false by multiple studies. 
    • Scientific studies show vaccines do not cause autism, but beliefs regarding vaccinations as unsafe is a belief that has persisted and continues to cause concerns among consumers.

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    Health & Mental Health Lecture Notes SOC100 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the impacts of globalization on working conditions, particularly in poorer nations. It covers topics such as environmental laws, labor standards, and the coping mechanisms of individuals in poverty. Test your knowledge of the effects of globalization on economic disparities and health issues.

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