Global Warming Empirical Study

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Questions and Answers

What is the mean value of the variable DJF?

  • 0.3276271
  • 0.3023729
  • 0.3861017
  • 0.3769492 (correct)

Which variable has the highest standard deviation?

  • Monthly average
  • MAM
  • SON
  • DJF (correct)

What is the minimum value of the variable JJA?

  • -0.41
  • -0.24
  • -0.22 (correct)
  • -0.32

What is the maximum value of the 'Trend' variable?

<p>405.91 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following R functions would you use to find the average of the 'Monthly average' variable?

<p>mean(temp_co2$<code>Monthly average</code>) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been the trend in global annual temperature since the Industrial Revolution?

<p>It has increased continuously. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is primarily responsible for the gradual increase in global temperature?

<p>Human activities increasing CO2 emissions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions affect the atmosphere?

<p>They heat up the atmosphere. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as crucial for sustainable development in the context of climate change?

<p>Understanding CO2 emissions and their effects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What period is the analysis of the impact of CO2 on global temperature focused on?

<p>1959 to 2017 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of gas is carbon dioxide (CO2) classified as in regards to global warming?

<p>Primary greenhouse gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed role of young people mentioned in the abstract regarding environmental challenges?

<p>To lead change and innovate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the rate of increase in global temperature over the last 40 years?

<p>It has doubled compared to previous rates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major human activity has significantly increased atmospheric CO2 levels since the industrial revolution?

<p>Burning of fossil fuels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of human-emitted CO2 can natural sinks potentially absorb annually?

<p>50% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following datasets was used to analyze the correlation between CO2 emissions and global temperatures?

<p>Seasonal average temperature anomalies and CO2 data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did CO2 emissions change from the 1960s to the last recorded year?

<p>Increased from 11 billion tons to 36.6 billion tons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of examining data from 1959 to 2017 in the analysis?

<p>To correlate CO2 emissions with temperature fluctuations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the trend in annual CO2 emissions observed in the 20th century?

<p>Significant increase year over year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statistical functions can be used to calculate the average of a dataset in the analysis?

<p>mean() and sd() (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What natural processes contribute to CO2 emissions apart from human activities?

<p>Volcanic eruptions and wildfires (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Global Warming

A gradual increase in the Earth's average surface temperature.

CO2 Emissions

Release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, often caused by human activities.

Greenhouse Gas

A gas that traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere.

Climate Change

Long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.

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Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

A colorless, odorless gas vital for plant growth but harmful in excess.

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Global Temperature increase

Rise in the average temperature of the Earth.

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R Programming

A programming language used to analyze data.

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Industrial Revolution

Period of major industrialization, leading to increased CO2 emissions.

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Calculate Mean

Find the average value of a variable in a dataset.

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Calculate Standard Deviation

Measure the amount of variation or dispersion of a dataset from its mean.

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Minimum Value

The smallest value in a dataset.

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Maximum Value

The largest value in a dataset.

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Scatter Plot

Graphical representation of the relationship between two variables.

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Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

A heat-trapping gas released from fossil fuel burning, wildfires, and natural processes like volcanoes.

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Fossil Fuels

Resources like coal, oil, and natural gas formed from ancient plant and animal remains.

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Industrial Revolution

A period of major industrialization starting in the 18th century.

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CO2 emissions

The amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

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Natural sinks

Processes that remove CO2 from the atmosphere (e.g., land, oceans).

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Global Warming

A gradual increase in the Earth's average surface temperature.

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Temperature Anomaly

A difference between a measured temperature and a baseline average temperature, often for a given season over time.

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Data Analysis

The process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, suggesting conclusions, support decision-making, and drive actions.

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Study Notes

Global Warming Empirical Paper

  • Global temperatures are increasing non-stop, reaching record highs
  • A more sustainable future is needed to address this issue
  • Human activities, like burning fossil fuels, have emitted excessive CO2, impacting the atmosphere
  • Wildfires and volcanic eruptions also release CO2
  • CO2 emissions have increased from 11 billion tons in the 1960s to 36.6 billion tons in recent years
  • "Sinks" (natural processes) absorb about half of emitted CO2 annually, but excess emissions overload these processes.
  • The study aims to understand the relationship between CO2 emissions and global warming using temperature and CO2 data from 1959 to 2017.

Data Analysis Methods

  • The study analyzed temperature anomalies over different seasons (DJF, MAM, JJA, SON) from 1959 to 2017.
  • CO2 data were also analyzed
  • Statistical methods like calculating means, standard deviations, minimums, and maximums for different periods (DJF, MAM, JJA, SON) of the temperature and CO2 data sets were utilized
  • Scatter plots have been created for visual representation

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