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Questions and Answers
What percentage of the global population lived in urban areas in 1955?
By the year 2025, the ratio of older people requiring support from adults of working age is expected to be what percentage?
What was the global population estimated to be in 1955?
What is the projected global population increase per year until it reaches 8 billion by 2025?
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In 2025, what is the expected proportion of young people under 20 years of age in the total population?
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By 2025, what will be the old/young ratio compared to 1995?
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What daily natural increase of the population was seen in 1997?
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What was the proportion of adults aged 20-64 expected to be in the total population by 2025?
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What factor is primarily responsible for the expected decrease in cervical cancer cases in industrialized countries?
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Which region has the highest risk of death related to pregnancy or childbirth?
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What is the leading cause of death and disability in people over 65 years worldwide?
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How many years of life expectancy does breast cancer typically deprive women on average?
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Which of the following statements is true about the risk of developing dementia?
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What is the projected rise in the number of people aged over 65 by 2025?
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By how much is the population of children under 5 expected to grow annually between 1995 and 2025?
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What was the average life expectancy at birth in 1955?
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As of 2025, how many countries are expected to be below the population replacement level of 2.1 babies?
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How much will the life expectancy reach by the year 2025?
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What percentage of deaths in 1955 were among children under 5 years old?
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What growth rate is expected for the older population in developing countries by 2025?
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How many countries currently have a life expectancy less than 45 years?
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What percentage of all deaths was among the under-5s in 1995?
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By 2025, what percentage of deaths is expected to occur among the over-65s?
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Which disease was responsible for the highest number of deaths in 1997?
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What was the infant mortality rate per 1000 live births in 1995?
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Which contributory factor is associated with 50% of deaths among children under 5?
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How many million deaths were recorded among under-5s in 1997?
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What is expected to be the infant mortality rate per 1000 live births by 2025?
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What percentage of low-birthweight babies are likely to die early according to the content?
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What significant health risk is expected to affect older children and adolescents in the 21st century?
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Which factors are highlighted as potential risks during the transition from childhood to adulthood?
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What is the expected trend for births among young women aged 15-19 from 1995 to 2025?
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Which health issues will become more prevalent in developing countries as their economies grow?
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What major trend is expected for diabetes cases in adults by 2025?
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Which cancer is expected to see a rise in deaths among women in industrialized countries?
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What portion of cancers can be effectively cured through early detection and treatment?
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What dietary trend is linked to the increase in colorectal cancer cases?
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Study Notes
Global and National Health Situations
- The health sector in the Philippines is tasked with improving public health in the context of national debt, poverty, and a growing population.
- The Department of Health must implement innovative health care service initiatives to foster national development.
Global Health Situation and Trends (1955-2025)
- World population grew from 2.8 billion in 1955 to 5.8 billion now, projected to reach 8 billion by 2025.
- In 1955, 68% of the population lived in rural areas; by 2025, this will shift to 41% rural and 59% urban.
- Daily births in 1997 stood at 365,000, while deaths were about 140,000, leading to a natural population increase.
Age Demographics
- By 2025, 10% of the global population will be aged 65 and over, growing from 390 million now to 800 million.
- The old/young dependency ratio will rise significantly from 10.5% (1955) to an anticipated 17.2% (2025).
- The ratio of individuals aged over 65 will increase, putting more demand on working-age populations for support.
Life Expectancy Trends
- Average life expectancy increased from 48 years in 1955 to an expected 73 years by 2025; no country is projected to have a life expectancy below 50 years.
- Over 5 billion people live in countries where life expectancy exceeds 60 years.
- Some regions experience declining life expectancy, with notable implications for health care planning.
Age Structure of Deaths
- In 1955, 40% of deaths were in children under five; this declined to 21% in 1995 and is expected to drop to 8% by 2025.
- The majority of deaths by 2025 will occur in the over-65 demographic, projected at 63%.
Leading Causes of Global Deaths
- In 1997, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other heart diseases comprised major causes of mortality.
- Infectious diseases accounted for significant deaths, including pneumonia and HIV/AIDS.
- Non-communicable diseases are becoming increasingly prevalent, particularly in developing nations.
Health of Infants and Small Children
- Under-five mortality declined from 21 million in 1955 to 10 million in 1997; continued progress is expected, but 5 million deaths are predicted by 2025.
- Malnutrition remains a critical factor, contributing to high mortality rates; approximately 50% of deaths among under-fives are linked to malnutrition.
- Existing vaccines could prevent at least 2 million under-five deaths annually.
Health of Older Children and Adolescents
- The rise of HIV/AIDS poses significant risks, reversing health gains made in previous decades.
- Young women's population will increase significantly; pregnancy rates will slightly decrease despite demographic growth.
Health of Adults
- Non-communicable diseases will rise as economies grow in developing nations; prevalent risk factors include smoking and poor diet.
- Diabetes cases are expected to double by 2025 due to dietary lifestyle changes; cancer will remain a leading cause of death globally.
- More than 15 million adults die prematurely each year, with many deaths being preventable, particularly among women during childbirth.
Health of Older People
- Circulatory diseases are the leading cause of death for those aged 65 and older; over 80% of these deaths occur in this age group.
- Risks of developing dementia increase with age, particularly affecting women due to greater longevity.
- Chronic diseases such as cancer become more common in the population aged 70-75, profoundly affecting life expectancy and quality of life.
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Description
Explore the evolving landscape of global and national health scenarios, focusing on the Philippines. Discover the impact of population growth, urbanization, and aging demographics on public health initiatives from 1955 to 2025.
