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Questions and Answers
According to the information provided, which country has held the position of the world's largest economy since 1871?
According to the information provided, which country has held the position of the world's largest economy since 1871?
What percentage of the total world economy is represented by the top 5 economies?
What percentage of the total world economy is represented by the top 5 economies?
Based on the provided information, which of the following statements is TRUE?
Based on the provided information, which of the following statements is TRUE?
Which country is NOT explicitly mentioned in the text to be a 'big economy'?
Which country is NOT explicitly mentioned in the text to be a 'big economy'?
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What is the main reason for the decrease in US goods imports from China during the first half of 2023?
What is the main reason for the decrease in US goods imports from China during the first half of 2023?
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What is the approximate percentage decrease in US goods imports from China during the first six months of 2023?
What is the approximate percentage decrease in US goods imports from China during the first six months of 2023?
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What is the likely outcome of companies seeking to de-risk and diversify their supply chains?
What is the likely outcome of companies seeking to de-risk and diversify their supply chains?
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What is the term used in the text to describe the actions of companies seeking new suppliers due to geopolitical tensions?
What is the term used in the text to describe the actions of companies seeking new suppliers due to geopolitical tensions?
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What does the text suggest about the relationship between the US and China?
What does the text suggest about the relationship between the US and China?
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What is the likely impact of the decrease in US goods imports from China on the US economy?
What is the likely impact of the decrease in US goods imports from China on the US economy?
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What is the time period covered by the data reported in the text?
What is the time period covered by the data reported in the text?
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Which of the three largest US trading partners is known for exporting oil and gas?
Which of the three largest US trading partners is known for exporting oil and gas?
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According to the content, what information can be obtained by analyzing a country's trade patterns?
According to the content, what information can be obtained by analyzing a country's trade patterns?
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What is the primary impact of the Syrian Civil War on the country's economy?
What is the primary impact of the Syrian Civil War on the country's economy?
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Which country is known for exporting electronics to the United States?
Which country is known for exporting electronics to the United States?
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What is the key distinction mentioned between commodity countries and industrialized/technology countries?
What is the key distinction mentioned between commodity countries and industrialized/technology countries?
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What has been the impact of the 2023 attacks on the GDP of Gaza?
What has been the impact of the 2023 attacks on the GDP of Gaza?
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How does the content suggest analyzing the trade dynamics between countries could reveal potential political alignments?
How does the content suggest analyzing the trade dynamics between countries could reveal potential political alignments?
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What is the primary implication of referring to Germany's reliance on Russian gas and India's dependence on Chinese pharmaceuticals?
What is the primary implication of referring to Germany's reliance on Russian gas and India's dependence on Chinese pharmaceuticals?
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Which economic factor has been significantly impacted by the Russian invasion of Ukraine?
Which economic factor has been significantly impacted by the Russian invasion of Ukraine?
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What is the significance of Texas being a top exporting state for over 20 years in a row?
What is the significance of Texas being a top exporting state for over 20 years in a row?
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Which of the following is NOT a major export from Canada to the United States?
Which of the following is NOT a major export from Canada to the United States?
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What is the primary reason for the decline in Gaza's GDP after the October 2023 attacks?
What is the primary reason for the decline in Gaza's GDP after the October 2023 attacks?
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Which of the following is NOT explicitly mentioned in the content as a factor that can be understood through a country's trade patterns?
Which of the following is NOT explicitly mentioned in the content as a factor that can be understood through a country's trade patterns?
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What is the primary message conveyed by the phrase 'Trade is a window into a country'?
What is the primary message conveyed by the phrase 'Trade is a window into a country'?
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Which of the following countries has experienced a significant decline in GDP due to internal conflict?
Which of the following countries has experienced a significant decline in GDP due to internal conflict?
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What are the two primary types of global trade mentioned in the content?
What are the two primary types of global trade mentioned in the content?
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What is the primary reason cited for the slowing trend in global trade?
What is the primary reason cited for the slowing trend in global trade?
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What is the main difference between a 'net exporter' and a 'net importer'?
What is the main difference between a 'net exporter' and a 'net importer'?
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Why is understanding the trade of 'intermediate goods' important?
Why is understanding the trade of 'intermediate goods' important?
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Which of the following best describes the purpose of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)?
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What are some potential benefits of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for a receiving country?
What are some potential benefits of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for a receiving country?
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What are some potential drawbacks of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for a receiving country?
What are some potential drawbacks of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for a receiving country?
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Flashcards
World's largest economy
World's largest economy
The U.S. has been the largest economy since 1871.
Top 5 economies
Top 5 economies
The leading economies that make up about 50% of global economy.
Economy representation
Economy representation
The top 5 economies represent roughly 50% of the world's economy.
Historical economy data
Historical economy data
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Global economy significance
Global economy significance
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Goods imports from China
Goods imports from China
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25 percent decrease
25 percent decrease
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First six months of 2023
First six months of 2023
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Commerce Department report
Commerce Department report
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De-risking
De-risking
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Diversifying supply chains
Diversifying supply chains
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Rising friction between Washington and Beijing
Rising friction between Washington and Beijing
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Alternative countries for imports
Alternative countries for imports
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Texas as an Exporter
Texas as an Exporter
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Global Trade's Importance
Global Trade's Importance
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Commodity vs. Industrialized Countries
Commodity vs. Industrialized Countries
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Openness of Trade
Openness of Trade
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Over-reliance Risks
Over-reliance Risks
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Germany's Gas Supply
Germany's Gas Supply
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India's Pharmaceutical Trade
India's Pharmaceutical Trade
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Trade Dynamics
Trade Dynamics
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Top US Import Partner
Top US Import Partner
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Canada's Main Export to US
Canada's Main Export to US
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China's Export Specialty
China's Export Specialty
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Impact of Russia's Actions
Impact of Russia's Actions
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Syrian Civil War Effects
Syrian Civil War Effects
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Recent Gaza Economic Strain
Recent Gaza Economic Strain
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Ukraine Trade Influence
Ukraine Trade Influence
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US Trade Dynamics
US Trade Dynamics
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Types of Global Trade
Types of Global Trade
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Net Exporter
Net Exporter
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Net Importer
Net Importer
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Intermediate Goods
Intermediate Goods
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Trends in Trade
Trends in Trade
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Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
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Positives of FDI
Positives of FDI
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Negatives of FDI
Negatives of FDI
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China
China
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Japan
Japan
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Germany
Germany
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UK
UK
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Big Economies as Big Traders
Big Economies as Big Traders
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Study Notes
Introduction to Global Business - Chapter 2, Part 1: The Evolution of International Business
- International trade is a key factor in raising living standards, creating employment, and providing consumers with a wider variety of goods and services.
- The world is more globalized than ever before.
- Two major forms of global business are trade (imports and exports) and foreign direct investment (FDI).
Major Forms of Global Business
-
Trade:
- Involves the import and export of goods.
- Includes: goods such as physical products, and services like insurance, maintenance, finance, travel, and transportation.
-
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI):
- Investment made by an individual or corporation in one country into businesses in another country.
- Involves establishing business operations or acquiring foreign business assets.
Important Terms
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total value of goods and services produced within a country.
- Exports: The value of goods and services sold to another country.
- Imports: The value of goods and services bought from another country.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Investment made in another country.
- Emerging Economies/Emerging Markets (EM): Countries transitioning from pre-industrial to industrial/knowledge economies. Examples include BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, and China), and other countries.
Global Business Example - United States
- Exports: Roughly $1-2 trillion/year
- Imports: Roughly $3-4 trillion/year
- GDP: ~$28 trillion
- U.S. investment in foreign countries: ~$5.9 trillion
- Foreign investment in the U.S.: ~$4.5 trillion
Global GDP Growth
- Global GDP has doubled in the last 15 years
- Total global GDP is approximately $110 trillion
Top Economies (2024)
- United States ($28.7 trillion)
- China ($18.5 trillion)
- Other top economies are listed as well, including their approximate GDP, and growth rates.
World Trade Volume (2015-2024)
- World trade volume has increased consistently since 2015, with a recent rise and fluctuations.
- Data suggests the average of exports and imports are up ~15% over the last 10 years.
Trade (% of GDP)
- Trade as a percent of GDP varies widely across regions and countries.
- The world average is approximately 56.53%
- North America shows a comparatively lower percentage of trade relative to GDP
- European Union and other European countries, and some Asian countries show greater percentages related to trade to GDP.
Leading Exporters/Importers (2022 - Goods Only)
- China is the leading exporter of goods.
- The United States is the world's largest importer of goods. A list of the top 10 exporters and importers, with details on their yearly value of trade for goods and dates, is provided.
Net Exporters/Importers (2019 and 2022)
- Data lists countries (with values) that are net exporters or importers for good & services.
Important Exports/Imports by Country
- Example data is provided for significant exports and imports (including amounts) for Texas, and some countries.
Importance of Global Trade to Texas
- In Texas, ~3.62 million jobs are supported by trade – 20.1% of all jobs.
- In 2022, ~39,889 companies exported from Texas, with ~93% being small or medium-sized businesses.
Trade Considerations
- Trade patterns reflect a country's economic strengths and relationships.
- Trade can be used to assess alliances between economies.
North Korea's Trade
- Summarized import and export data is listed for select years.
- Imports and exports are shown (approximately with values in billions).
- Key partner countries are shown for 2017 and 2022.
Type of Global Business
- One type of global business is Trade.
What is being Traded?
- A list of the top 10 most traded goods by market value is provided with their approximate value.
EVs Impacting World Trade
- Sales of EVs increased by about 25% globally in 2024 compared to 2023, with China experiencing a 40% increase.
- Other regions saw growth or decrease in sales of EVs, based on the data provided.
- Graph shows the monthly sales for the different regions for the past couple of years.
Why Europe's Car Industry Is in Crisis
- Europe's carmakers faced significant challenges globally.
- Market share has changed for the three largest economies over time.
Germany Economic Struggles
- Germany is facing economic headwinds. Several factors are contributing to Germany's economic struggles, including the factors shown in the document.
Syrian Civil War Impact
- Syria's economy has dramatically shrunk since the 2011 civil war.
- The impact of the war is indicated (showing data from the previous 20 years).
- Export data is shown (from 2010, and through today)
Gaza GDP Drop
- Summary of the drop in Gaza's GDP in the last quarter of 2023 following attacks - 81% decrease.
- The data is given by millions of dollars (2015 constant values).
Do Politics Influence Economics & Trade
- Yes, global business must understand this relationship.
Benefits of International Trade
- Increased choice of goods and services, lower prices, enhanced quality of life, better communication, access to labor, technologies, and R&D.
- According to the World Bank, extreme poverty fell by 35% since 1990 thanks to trade.
Trade Summary
- Two types of trade (goods, services).
- Trade is highly dominated by Asia, Europe, and the U.S.
- Important to understand intermediate goods in trade.
- Important to distinguish between net exporters and net importers.
- Trends: intermediate goods are important, trade is slowing, and geopolitical issues drive trading dynamics significantly.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
What is FDI
- FDI occurs when a company invests directly in facilities in a foreign country to produce new goods or services.
How FDI Works
- FDI methods including acquisitions, and greenfield investments.
FDI Types
- Greenfield investments: create new facilities (manufacturing plant, factory).
- Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A): buying or merging with companies in another country.
Is this FDI? - Examples of FDI
- Many examples of companies making FDI are provided.
FDI Trends
FDI Benefits/Costs (Considerations)
- Benefits: proximity to customers& suppliers, reduced tension, lower costs, diversification, and acquisition of businesses for quick market access.
- Costs: potential loss of jobs and control, political risks, and governmental risks.
FDI Impacts - Negative Impact Question
- U.S. tech giants are creating data centers in Chile. Locals are protesting because they are concerned about the effects of these data centers on the environment.
U.S. FDI Activities - Trends
- U.S. companies are heavily involved in FDI, with strong interest in some sectors.
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Description
Test your knowledge on global economic standings, changes in trade dynamics, and the impact of geopolitical tensions on economies. This quiz covers key facts about the world's largest economies and recent trends in trade, specifically focusing on the United States and China. See how well you understand these complex economic relationships!