Glioblastoma Multiforme Gross Examination Quiz

Marked cellularity, cellular pleomorphism, mitoses, multinucleated tumor giant cells, pseudopalisading necrosis, microvascular proliferation

Soft and yellow or red due to necrosis or hemorrhage, with features like necrosis, hemorrhage, cystic changes

At least three out of the four criteria: marked cellularity, cellular pleomorphism, mitoses, multinucleated tumor giant cells

<p>Pilocytic astrocytoma shows relatively benign behavior compared to Glioblastoma multiforme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serpentine areas of necrosis surrounded by crowded tumor cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CNS tumors are not described as benign vs malignant but graded according to the WHO scale from Grade I (most indolent) to Grade IV (most aggressive) based on the biologic behavior of the neoplasm. A benign neoplasm can still be fatal in the CNS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>KIAA1549-BRAF gene fusion/duplication</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key histological feature that defines a Grade IV astrocytoma, or glioblastoma multiforme, is the presence of <strong>necrosis</strong> and <strong>microvascular proliferation</strong>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary brain tumors can originate from the following cell types: astrocytes, oligodendroglia cells, ependymal cells, choroid plexus cells, neurons (mature and immature), meningeal/meningothelial cells, vascular cells, lymphoid cells, Schwann cells, embryonic remnants, and germ cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pilocytic astrocytomas are WHO Grade I tumors, which are the most indolent, while glioblastoma multiforme is a WHO Grade IV tumor, which is the most aggressive. Pilocytic astrocytomas have a much more favorable prognosis compared to the highly aggressive glioblastoma multiforme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key criteria that define a glioblastoma multiforme (Grade IV astrocytoma) are the presence of <strong>necrosis</strong> and <strong>microvascular proliferation</strong> in the histological features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glioblastoma multiforme</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IDH-wild type and IDH-mutant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The four key histological criteria for glioblastoma multiforme are: nuclear pleomorphism, increased cellularity, mitoses, and either microvascular proliferation or necrosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The peak age of onset for glioblastoma multiforme is 45-60 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glioblastoma multiforme can present as either a primary (de novo) tumor or as a secondary tumor progressing from a lower-grade diffuse astrocytoma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glioblastoma multiforme most commonly occurs in the cerebral hemispheres, less commonly in the brainstem, and rarely in the cerebellum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glioblastoma multiforme has an extremely poor prognosis, with most patients dying within 18 months of diagnosis. Patients with IDH-wild type glioblastoma have a worse prognosis than those with IDH-mutant tumors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pilocytic astrocytomas (Grade I) are well-differentiated, localized tumors that typically remain static or progress slowly, while diffuse astrocytomas (Grade II) are more infiltrative, with increased cellularity and nuclear pleomorphism, and have a tendency to progress to higher-grade tumors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common presenting symptoms of glioblastoma multiforme include seizures, headaches, and neurological deficits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>On MRI, a glioblastoma multiforme typically appears as an enhancing mass in the cerebral hemispheres with a central area of lucency (necrosis) and an irregular, infiltrative border.</p> Signup and view all the answers