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Questions and Answers
In the Central Nervous System, ______ are responsible for producing myelin for axons.
Oligodendrocytes
The ______ is the plasma membrane of an axon.
axolemma
A ______ is a small blood vessel often found in the brain and spinal cord.
capillary
The section of the axon between two nodes of Ranvier is known as the ______.
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In the Peripheral Nervous System, ______ cells are responsible for forming the myelin sheath.
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The myelin sheath gap, also known as the ______, is a gap in the myelin sheath.
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Study Notes
Glial Cells
Types of Glial Cells
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Satellite cells and Schwann cells
- Central Nervous System (CNS): Astrocytes, microglial, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal cells
Structure and Function of Glial Cells
- Myelin: A fatty substance that insulates the axon, allowing for faster nerve impulse transmission
- Oligodendrocytes: Produce myelin for axons in the brain and spinal cord
- Schwann cells: Produce myelin for axons in the PNS
- Myelin Sheath: A fatty, insulating layer that surrounds some axons, formed by Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes, respectively
- Myelin Sheath Gap: Also known as the node of Ranvier, it is a gap in the myelin sheath
Other Key Terms
- Axon: A long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body
- Axolemma: The plasma membrane of an axon
- Unmyelinated Axon: An axon that is not covered by a myelin sheath
- Basal Lamina: A thin layer of extracellular material that surrounds muscle fibers, nerves, and some epithelial cells
- Capillary: Small blood vessels, often found in the brain and spinal cord
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Description
Identify and learn about the different types of glial cells found in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and Central Nervous System (CNS).
