Git Deep Dive: 04 - Breaking into Advanced Workflow

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of using the stash in Git?

To permanently delete changes

To track issues within a repository

To merge branches easily

To store changes without affecting the working area (correct)

Which command is exclusively used to modify the stash in Git?

git commit

git stash (correct)

git add

git save

What does the 'include and tracked' option do when using git stash?

Ignores all changes in the working area

Stores both tracked and newly created files (correct)

Only stores staged files

Only stores untracked files

When is it appropriate to use git stash?

When you need to switch branches without losing progress Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the stash if you do not explicitly modify it in Git?

It remains unchanged Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the stash is true?

The stash is used to manage changes to uncommitted files Signup and view all the answers

What does the command 'git stash save' do?

Saves the current state of changes to the stash Signup and view all the answers

What state should your repository be in before using the stash command for effective results?

In a clean status with no untracked files Signup and view all the answers

What does the git stash command do by default?

Copies all uncommitted changes to the stash and clears the working directory. Signup and view all the answers

How can you identify individual stash elements?

Each element receives a serial ID and a label with the latest commit information. Signup and view all the answers

What command is used to apply changes from the stash back to the working area?

git stash apply Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if you use the command 'git stash clear'?

It will delete all elements from the stash. Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to unstage a specific file in Git?

Perform a mixed HEAD reset specifically for that file. Signup and view all the answers

What does a hard HEAD reset do in Git?

Moves the current branch pointer to the specified commit, discarding changes. Signup and view all the answers

Which command is recommended by Git to discard changes in the working directory for a specific file?

git restore Signup and view all the answers

How does Git treat stash elements?

They are strictly local and not shared with remote repositories. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of using 'git stash list'?

It displays the contents of the stash with their IDs and commit information. Signup and view all the answers

Why might one prefer working with individual files instead of entire commits in Git?

It allows for more granular control over specific changes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the stash workflow?

You can switch branches without losing your stashed work. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the working directory after a successful stash?

It returns to a clean state as if all changes were undone. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of stash in Git?

To temporarily save uncommitted changes for later use. Signup and view all the answers

What command was introduced around 2018 that allows for easy restoration of changes in Git?

git restore Signup and view all the answers

Which command was traditionally used to discard changes to a single file prior to the introduction of the restore command?

git checkout Signup and view all the answers

When using git checkout to discard changes to a specific file, what happens?

The file is copied from the HEAD to the index. Signup and view all the answers

What does the command git add --patch do?

It allows selection of which changes to stage by dividing them into hunks. Signup and view all the answers

What does the 's' option do when using git add --patch?

Split the current hunk into smaller hunks. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the checkout command considered dangerous when used with a specific file?

It can permanently delete all changes without a warning. Signup and view all the answers

After making changes in a file, how can a user preview those changes before committing?

By using git diff. Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'hunk' in the context of git add --patch?

A section of changes within a file. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a user selects the option to skip a hunk during the git add --patch process?

The changes in that hunk are not included in the staged index. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the command git commit?

To finalize changes and save a snapshot of modifications. Signup and view all the answers

What feature of Git allows for operations smaller than committing an entire file?

Hunks Signup and view all the answers

If a user makes multiple changes to a file but wants to commit them separately, what is the recommended approach?

Use git add --patch to selectively stage changes. Signup and view all the answers

How does Git treat the file and directory level in its model?

As atomic units on which operations are primarily based. Signup and view all the answers

What does the command 'git add --patch' allow you to do?

Add selected changes from the working area to the index on a hunk-by-hunk basis Signup and view all the answers

What does the '-p' option signify in git add?

Interactively stage changes in hunks. Signup and view all the answers

How does 'git status' behave when changes are partially staged?

It lists the file in both staged and unstaged changes Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to view unstaged changes?

git diff Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Git, which of the following statements is true about the toolbox metaphor?

The toolbox allows for flexibility in using commands for various operations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following commands can also use the '--patch' option?

git reset, git restore, and git stash Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of Git's functionality?

It offers a flexible toolset that can be used in various ways Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'git diff --cached' command?

To view staged changes that will be included in the next commit Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach towards learning Git according to the content?

Learn the general approach and understand the model, then reference specifics as needed Signup and view all the answers

Which Git command can you use to unstage a file?

Both A and C Signup and view all the answers

Why might Git be considered more complex than other versioning systems?

Its toolbox approach requires users to think critically about tool selection Signup and view all the answers

How does Git approach staging changes?

Changes can be staged on a granular basis, allowing specific alterations to be included Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you execute a command on a hunk-by-hunk basis?

You can select specific changes from parts of a file to stage or reset Signup and view all the answers

Which option describes a limitation in Git command naming?

There is no command explicitly dedicated to unstaging a file Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Stashing Data

Git stash stores changes from the working area and index, not in the repository, until needed.
git stash (or git stash save) captures changes, storing them in a local stash.
git stash save --include-untracked includes untracked files in the stash. This is commonly used to avoid problems.
Stashing creates a local "clipboard" of modifications, which are not saved to the repository.
Stash elements are local and labeled with a serial ID (stash@{0}, stash@{1}).
git stash list displays stash elements.
git stash apply retrieves a stash element.

Working with Individual Files

Git allows granular operations, affecting individual files or directories rather than the entirety of a project.
git reset --mixed <file> unstages a specified file without affecting the working directory; useful for selective unstaging.
git restore <file> discards changes in the working directory for a particular file.
git checkout <file> restores the file to its version in the repository. This is a potentially destructive operation and should be used with caution.
It is often more flexible and less error prone to use git restore over git checkout <file>

Committing Parts of a File

Git allows committing specific portions (hunks) within a single file.
git add -p (or git add --patch) breaks a file's changes down into hunks for granular commit decisions.
git add -p <hunk number> adds the hunk selected to the index.
Use 'n' to skip and 'y' to add hunks selectively before committing.

Git as a Toolbox

Git is a toolbox of specialized tools.
Single tools can perform various actions, flexibility.
Git doesn't specify a single command for every task; instead, it provides choices based on the user's need.
Approaching Git as a collection of general and detailed tools allows for customization to specific tasks and situations.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Git stashing and managing individual files. This quiz covers essential commands for stashing changes and selectively manipulating files in Git. Prepare to understand the nuances of working with your code effectively!