GIS Lesson 3 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which phenomenon do the maps below illustrate?

Modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP)

In the specialized context of spatial analysis, what does topology refer to?

The relative locations of features

Which concept in spatial analysis does Tobler's first law have the most in common with?

Spatial autocorrelation

Why does the modifiable areal unit problem matter?

Business and policy decisions are often based on data that is aggregated by area. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best definition of the term 'geocoding'?

Determining the geographic coordinates of a location on the ground from a street address Signup and view all the answers

What is the best definition of the term 'reverse geocoding'?

Determining a street address from the geographic coordinates of a location on the ground Signup and view all the answers

Identify all the factors your vehicle navigation system takes into account when it calculates the fastest route from a starting point to a destination. (Select all that apply)

Crowd-sourced traffic conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which spatial analysis technique is most similar to the vehicle navigation capability that Google Maps, Apple Maps, or other mapping apps provide on your smartphone?

Dijkstra's algorithm Signup and view all the answers

Dijkstra's algorithm, the Traveling Salesman Problem, and the Vehicle Routing Problem each represents a(n) _________ view of the world.

object Signup and view all the answers

Select all the expected benefits that provide the impetus for self-driving cars and trucks. (Select all that apply)

Less urban space devoted to parking Signup and view all the answers

Select all the geospatial instrumentation and intelligence required for self-driving cars and trucks. (Select all that apply)

Ethical algorithms Signup and view all the answers

What is the Federal Aviation Administration's rule for protecting individual safety and privacy from commercial operation of unmanned aircraft (drones) weighing 0.55-55 pounds?

Drones must not be flown over people who are not involved in flight operations. Signup and view all the answers

From the following list of pros and cons of beyond visual-line-of-site (BVLOS) drone operations, select the pros (advantages). (Select all that apply)

Efficient border patrols and security Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes market segmentation data products like Esri's Tapestry dataset?

The demographic characteristics, lifestyles, and consumer preferences shared by a subset of an entire population. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best definition of 'layer' in the context of site selection analysis performed with ArcGIS Online?

A representation of a particular feature of the earth's surface Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'query' do?

Selects a subset of data that matches specified criteria Signup and view all the answers

From the following list, choose all items that are examples of 'attribute' data. (Select all that apply)

Volume of goods passing through a port Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a spatial query, as opposed to an attribute query or a logical query?

Select parcels that do not intersect a flood zone Signup and view all the answers

A crime analyst is investigating graffiti sites in a precinct. Choose all correct answers for spatial analyses she could perform with ArcGIS Online. (Select all that apply)

Find hot spots that represent statistically significant spatial clusters of sites. Signup and view all the answers

How could you best use ArcGIS Online to identify the students located close to you?

Create a buffer or drive-time polygon centered on your location, and select the students within the buffer or polygon. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Modifiable Areal Unit Problem

Modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) affects spatial data interpretation and analysis.

Topology in Spatial Analysis

Topology refers to the relative locations of features, focusing on properties of continuity and connectivity.

Tobler's First Law of Geography

Tobler's first law posits that spatial autocorrelation exists; entities close together are more closely related than those further apart.

Importance of MAUP

Aggregation by area can influence business and policy decisions, impacting data accuracy and decision-making.

Geocoding

Geocoding is the process of determining geographic coordinates based on a street address.

Reverse Geocoding

Reverse geocoding involves identifying a street address from geographic coordinates.

Factors for Fastest Route Calculations

Navigational systems consider speed limits, road types, connectivity of networks, and crowd-sourced traffic conditions to calculate routes.

Spatial Analysis Techniques

Dijkstra's algorithm is a key spatial analysis technique used in navigation apps for route calculations.

Object View of Road Networks

Dijkstra's algorithm, the Traveling Salesman Problem, and the Vehicle Routing Problem adopt an object view, representing road networks as linear features.

Self-Driving Vehicle Benefits

Self-driving vehicles aim to reduce traffic jams, improve safety, maximize sharing economy benefits, optimize space usage, and enhance fuel efficiency.

Geospatial Instrumentation for Autonomous Vehicles

Key technologies include radar, ethical algorithms, inertial measurement units, high-resolution maps, and GPS/GNSS for navigation.

FAA Drone Regulations

Drones weighing 0.55-55 pounds must not be operated over uninvolved people to ensure safety and privacy.

Advantages of BVLOS Drone Operations

Pros include quicker delivery of medical supplies, faster search and rescue responses, efficient security patrols, and effective inspections for infrastructure.

Market Segmentation Data

Esri's Tapestry dataset illustrates demographic characteristics, lifestyles, and consumer behavior of specific population subsets.

Definition of a Layer

In GIS, a layer represents specific features of the Earth's surface, useful for analyses in tools like ArcGIS Online.

Query Functionality

A query selects and filters a subset of data based on designated criteria.

Attributes in Spatial Data

Examples of attribute data include disease rates, land use types, and volumes of goods, providing additional context to spatial locations.

Types of Queries

Spatial queries focus on the geographic relationship between features, such as identifying parcels outside a flood zone.

Spatial Analyses with ArcGIS Online

Analysts can perform various spatial analyses like creating buffers, aggregating points, enriching data, and identifying spatial hot spots.

Identifying Nearby Students Using ArcGIS Online

Use buffers or drive-time polygons in ArcGIS Online to locate students in close proximity based on spatial information.

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Description

Explore key concepts in GIS with these flashcards from Lesson 3. This set covers topics such as the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) and topological aspects of spatial analysis. Ideal for students looking to deepen their understanding of geographic information systems.