Gibberellins and Cytokinins Quiz

True or false: Gibberellins are released after water imbibition to signal the embryo to break seed dormancy.

True or false: Cytokinins promote cell division and cell differentiation.

True or false: Coconut milk is rich in cytokinins.

True or false: ABA (abscisic acid) influences most aspects of plant growth and development.

True or false: ABA accumulation in leaves causes stomata to close rapidly and reduces transpiration.

True or false: Ethylene is the only plant growth regulator that exists as a gas.

True or false: The period during which certain fruits ripen is called the climacteric.

Plant growth is defined as an increase in fresh or dry weight, volume, length, height, or surface area.

Development refers to the advancement in stages of maturation from earlier to later life stages.

Seed germination and growth of vegetative organs is a stage of plant development.

Fertilization, seed development, and maturation is a stage of plant growth.

Phytohormones are naturally occurring compounds that regulate growth and development in plants.

Auxin and cytokinin are types of phytohormones.

Gibberellic acid and ethylene are types of phytohormones.

True or false: Auxin is transported in the PHLOEM and is unidirectional (apex to base)?

True or false: Positive phototropism results from the growth of cells on the opposite side of the light source?

True or false: Auxin was later determined to be the signal responsible for phototropism?

True or false: Negative phototropism occurs in primary roots?

True or false: Differentiation is the term used to describe the process of cells developing different forms adapted to specific functions?

True or false: Dedifferentiation is the term used to describe the phenomenon of living differentiated cells regaining the capacity to divide?

True or false: Adventitious root formation is the primary regenerative process required in most cutting propagation?

The first line of defense in plants against herbivores and pathogens includes the cuticle, epidermis, and periderm.

Mechanical wounding by herbivores can create openings in plant tissue that allow for pathogen invasion.

Chemical lines of defense in plants include the release of toxins that kill or inhibit the growth of invading bacteria or fungi.

Plants have two types of responses to defend against herbivores and pathogens: PAMP-triggered defense and effector-triggered defense.

Physical defenses against herbivore attack in plants can include thorns, trichomes, spines, and prickles.

Toxins produced by plants can interfere with cell division in the pathogen or insect body.

Mind-altering plant products, such as hallucinogens or psychedelics, can deter animals from feeding on the plant again.

Plants can release volatiles in response to herbivory as warning signals to other plants, inducing defense mechanisms.

PAMP-triggered defense in plants is dependent on the plant's ability to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).