GI Tract Structure
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Questions and Answers

Which layer of the GI tract has a predominant tissue type of epithelium?

  • Muscularis externa
  • Mucosa (correct)
  • Serosa
  • Submucosa

    • What is the function of the muscularis mucosae?

  • Protection against infectious disease
  • Secretion of mucus
  • Local movements of the mucosa (correct)
  • Absorption of end products of digestion

    • Which layer of the GI tract contains blood capillaries?

  • Lamina propria (correct)
  • Submucosa
  • Muscularis externa
  • Mucosa

    • What is the function of the serosa?

    <p>Protection of the GI tract (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the oral cavity is responsible for bounding the lateral walls?

    <p>Cheeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hard palate?

    <p>Assists the tongue in chewing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is present in the submucosa?

    <p>Dense connective tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of defensins in the oral cavity?

    <p>Releases antimicrobial peptides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pharynx in the digestive system?

    <p>Acting as a passageway for air and food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pharynx is not part of the digestive system?

    <p>Nasopharynx (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate length of the esophagus?

    <p>25-30 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the mucosa in the esophagus?

    <p>Secreting mucus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of intrinsic salivary glands?

    <p>To supplement extrinsic glands' saliva secretion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the muscles that pinch together at both ends of the esophagus?

    <p>Sphincters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of water in saliva?

    <p>97-99.5% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?

    <p>Chemical breakdown (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lysozyme in saliva?

    <p>To act as an antibacterial agent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of thick mucin-rich saliva?

    <p>Sympathetic division of the ANS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of inhibition of saliva secretion?

    <p>Difficulty in swallowing and eating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of defensins in saliva?

    <p>To act as local antibiotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which food ingestion stimulates salivation?

    <p>Stimulation of mechanoreceptors in the mouth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of halitosis?

    <p>Anaerobic bacterial growth in the mouth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region of the stomach that surrounds the cardiac orifice?

    <p>Cardiac region (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the muscle that separates the stomach from the small intestine?

    <p>Pyloric sphincter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the folds in the inner lining of the stomach?

    <p>Rugae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of epithelium that lines the mucosal lining of the stomach?

    <p>Simple columnar epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mucous neck cells in the stomach?

    <p>To produce a sticky alkaline mucus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the duct that joins the duodenum at the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

    <p>Main pancreatic duct (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the valve that separates the small intestine from the large intestine?

    <p>Ileocecal valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the longest section of the digestive tube?

    <p>Small intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of incisors in the human dental structure?

    <p>Cutting or nipping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical age range for the emergence of primary dentitions?

    <p>6-24 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many permanent teeth typically develop in a human lifetime?

    <p>32 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main contributor to the formation of dental plaque?

    <p>Bacterial activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of dental plaque accumulation if left untreated?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a tooth that remains embedded in the jawbone?

    <p>Impacted tooth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of odontoblasts in tooth development?

    <p>Secreting and maintaining dentin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the shallow groove that forms where the gingiva dips down to border the tooth?

    <p>Sulcus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of jaw trauma on a tooth?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammation of the gums?

    <p>Gingivitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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