40 Questions
Which layer of the GI tract has a predominant tissue type of epithelium?
Mucosa
What is the function of the muscularis mucosae?
Local movements of the mucosa
Which layer of the GI tract contains blood capillaries?
Lamina propria
What is the function of the serosa?
Protection of the GI tract
Which part of the oral cavity is responsible for bounding the lateral walls?
Cheeks
What is the function of the hard palate?
Assists the tongue in chewing
What type of tissue is present in the submucosa?
Dense connective tissue
What is the function of defensins in the oral cavity?
Releases antimicrobial peptides
What is the primary function of the pharynx in the digestive system?
Acting as a passageway for air and food
Which part of the pharynx is not part of the digestive system?
Nasopharynx
What is the approximate length of the esophagus?
25-30 cm
What is the main function of the mucosa in the esophagus?
Secreting mucus
What is the main function of intrinsic salivary glands?
To supplement extrinsic glands' saliva secretion
What is the name of the muscles that pinch together at both ends of the esophagus?
Sphincters
What is the approximate percentage of water in saliva?
97-99.5%
What is the first step in the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?
Chemical breakdown
What is the primary function of lysozyme in saliva?
To act as an antibacterial agent
What triggers the release of thick mucin-rich saliva?
Sympathetic division of the ANS
What is the result of inhibition of saliva secretion?
Difficulty in swallowing and eating
What is the role of defensins in saliva?
To act as local antibiotics
What is the primary mechanism by which food ingestion stimulates salivation?
Stimulation of mechanoreceptors in the mouth
What is the primary cause of halitosis?
Anaerobic bacterial growth in the mouth
What is the region of the stomach that surrounds the cardiac orifice?
Cardiac region
What is the name of the muscle that separates the stomach from the small intestine?
Pyloric sphincter
What is the name of the folds in the inner lining of the stomach?
Rugae
What is the type of epithelium that lines the mucosal lining of the stomach?
Simple columnar epithelium
What is the function of the mucous neck cells in the stomach?
To produce a sticky alkaline mucus
What is the name of the duct that joins the duodenum at the hepatopancreatic ampulla?
Main pancreatic duct
What is the name of the valve that separates the small intestine from the large intestine?
Ileocecal valve
What is the longest section of the digestive tube?
Small intestine
What is the primary function of incisors in the human dental structure?
Cutting or nipping
What is the typical age range for the emergence of primary dentitions?
6-24 months
How many permanent teeth typically develop in a human lifetime?
32
What is the main contributor to the formation of dental plaque?
Bacterial activity
What is the result of dental plaque accumulation if left untreated?
All of the above
What is the term for a tooth that remains embedded in the jawbone?
Impacted tooth
What is the main function of odontoblasts in tooth development?
Secreting and maintaining dentin
What is the name of the shallow groove that forms where the gingiva dips down to border the tooth?
Sulcus
What is the result of jaw trauma on a tooth?
All of the above
What is the term for the inflammation of the gums?
Gingivitis
This quiz covers the different layers of the GI tract, including the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa. It also explores the functions of each layer and their specific digestive functions.
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