2.2 GI Physiology: GI Hormones and Acid Secretion
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Questions and Answers

What is the main component of gastric exocrine secretion responsible for protein digestion?

  • Gastric Intrinsic Factor
  • Pepsin (correct)
  • Lipase
  • HCl
  • What is the primary function of amylase in the oral cavity?

  • Inhibiting salivation
  • Breaking down lipids
  • Enhancing salivation
  • Breaking down carbohydrates (correct)
  • Which of the following is a stimulant of acid secretion in the stomach?

  • Gastrin (correct)
  • Secretin
  • Motilin
  • CCK
  • What is the primary function of lingual lipase in the oral cavity?

    <p>Breaking down lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mucous in the oral cavity?

    <p>Lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Parietal cells in the stomach?

    <p>Producing HCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is involved in the regulation of salivation?

    <p>CNs VII and IX</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a stimulant of acid secretion in the stomach?

    <p>Motilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Cephalic Stage of Digestion, which nerve is excited to stimulate secretion and motility in the stomach, pancreas, and duodenum?

    <p>Vagus Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Cholecystokinin (CCK) in the digestive system?

    <p>Gall Bladder Contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating gastric and intestinal motility?

    <p>Motilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Secretin in the digestive system?

    <p>Pancreatic and Biliary Bicarbonate Release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Gastrin in the regulation of gastric acid secretion?

    <p>Stimulates gastric acid secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones are responsible for stimulating the release of pancreatic enzymes and bicarbonate?

    <p>Cholecystokinin (CCK) and Secretin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Somatostatin in the regulation of gastric acid secretion?

    <p>Inhibits gastric acid secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas?

    <p>Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) in the digestive system?

    <p>Relaxes sphincters and smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of histamine from the gastric mucosa?

    <p>Gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the vagus nerve in the cephalic stage of digestion?

    <p>Stimulating the release of gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cholecystokinin (CCK) in relation to the gallbladder?

    <p>Stimulating the release of bile into the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of motilin in the gut?

    <p>Stimulating the contraction of smooth muscle in the gut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of secretin in relation to pancreatic enzyme secretion?

    <p>Stimulating the release of bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is responsible for regulating gastric acid secretion?

    <p>Gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of CCK in relation to pancreatic enzyme secretion?

    <p>Stimulating the release of pancreatic enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of somatostatin in the regulation of gastric acid secretion?

    <p>Inhibiting the release of gastric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the release of bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice?

    <p>Secretin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

    <p>Producing enzymes that facilitate protein digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    GI Physiology – Key GI Hormones

    • Vago-Vagal Reflex: stimulates the stomach, pancreas, and duodenum to prepare for digestion
    • Cephalic Stage/Phase of Digestion: chewing, tasting, and swallowing excites the Vagus, which then sends impulses to the stomach, pancreas, and duodenum to improve secretion and motility

    Gastric Acid Secretion

    • Gastrin: produced by G-cells in the gastric antrum, stimulates gastric acid secretion
    • Histamine: produced by ECL-cells in the gastric mucosa, stimulates gastric acid secretion
    • Ach: stimulates gastric acid secretion through parasympathetic nerves
    • Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP): inhibits gastric acid secretion
    • Somatostatin: inhibits gastric acid secretion and gastric gland mucosa repair

    Exocrine Secretion

    • Salivary Glands: produce saliva containing amylase, lingual lipase, mucous, antibacterial agents, glycoproteins, and nerve and epidermal growth factors
    • Stomach: produces gastric exocrine secretion including HCl, pepsin, lipase, mucous, and gastric intrinsic factor

    Hormones and their Effects

    • Gastrin: stimulates gastric acid secretion, gastric gland mucosa repair, and gall bladder contraction
    • CCK (Cholecystokinin): stimulates gall bladder contraction, pancreatic enzyme release, and pancreatic bicarbonate release
    • Secretin: stimulates pancreatic and biliary bicarbonate release, pepsin secretion, and repair of exocrine pancreas
    • GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Peptide): stimulates insulin release, inhibits gastric acid secretion
    • Motilin: stimulates gastric and intestinal motility

    GI Tract Movement

    • Vagus Nerve: stimulates gastric and intestinal motility
    • Motilin: stimulates gastric and intestinal motility
    • Enkephalins: stimulate smooth muscle contraction and intestinal secretion

    Integrated Systemic View

    • Gastric and intestinal phases of digestion are controlled by the Vagus and local reflexes
    • Hormones and nerves interact to regulate digestion and absorption

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    Related Documents

    AP II-GI Physiology Part 1 PDF

    Description

    Learn about key GI hormones, their functions, and their role in gastric acid secretion. Covers Vago-Vagal Reflex, Cephalic Stage, Gastrin, and Histamine.

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