GI Alterations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which condition is associated with heartburn, regurgitation of acidic chyme, and upper abdominal pain within 1 hour of eating?

  • Chronic Fundal Gastritis
  • Gastritis
  • GERD (correct)
  • Chronic Antral Gastritis
  • What is a common cause of acute gastritis according to the text?

  • Helicobacter pylori (correct)
  • Pernicious anemia
  • Chronic Antral Gastritis
  • Auto antibodies to parietal cells
  • Which type of chronic gastritis is associated with autoantibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic factor?

  • Type A Chronic Antral Gastritis
  • Immune Chronic Fundal Gastritis (correct)
  • Type B Chronic Antral Gastritis
  • Nonimmune Chronic Fundal Gastritis
  • What symptoms may worsen in a person with pylori if they lie down or if intra-abdominal pressure increases?

    <p>Vomiting and coughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with laryngitis, asthma, and chronic cough according to the text?

    <p>GERD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physiological consequence of vomiting?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with anorexia?

    <p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates vomiting via the eighth cranial nerve?

    <p>Vestibular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by nonproductive vomiting?

    <p>Retching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes projectile vomiting from other types of vomiting?

    <p>It is preceded by retching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolyte imbalances is NOT a metabolic consequence of vomiting?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common developmental factor for duodenal ulcers?

    <p>Helicobacter pylori infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is characteristic of superficial ulcers?

    <p>They do not extend through the muscularis mucosae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does pain from duodenal ulcers typically begin?

    <p>30 minutes to 2 hours after eating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of increased acid production in peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Zollinger-Ellison syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing feature of deep ulcers compared to superficial ulcers?

    <p>They extend through the muscularis mucosae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a factor that can lead to decreased mucosal protection in peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Gastronoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of primary biliary cirrhosis?

    <p>Antibody-mediated destruction of the small intrahepatic bile ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region is affected by intrahepatic portal hypertension?

    <p>Within the liver itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of high pressure in the portal veins?

    <p>Varices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of viral hepatitis begins with the resolution of jaundice?

    <p>Recovery phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission for hepatitis B?

    <p>Contact with infected blood and body fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk factor is NOT associated with esophageal carcinoma?

    <p>`Nutritional deficiencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of poor intestinal absorption of lipids?

    <p>Fatty stools and diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What deficiency can cause prolonged prothrombin time, purpura, and petechiae?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency is associated with testicular atrophy and neurologic defects in children?

    <p>Vitamin E</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition involves the obstruction of the intestines without any physical blockage?

    <p>Ileus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie syndrome)?

    <p>Vomiting of clear gastric fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diverticular disease most commonly affects which part of the colon?

    <p>Sigmoid colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibody is commonly found in Crohn's disease?

    <p>Anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of the colon in diverticulosis?

    <p>Cobblestone appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of mesenteric venous thrombosis?

    <p>Malignancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule acts as a neurotransmitter for stimulating eating in the hypothalamus?

    <p>Orexins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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