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Questions and Answers
What does C provide for programming functions?
A comprehensive set of functions stored in a standard library.
Which of the following are types of identifiers in C? (Select all that apply)
Reserved words in C can be used as identifiers.
False
A ________ in C is a word that is predefined by the programming language for a special purpose.
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What is the syntax for the scanf function?
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What is the purpose of the printf function?
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C ignores all white space except for strings, function names, and reserved words.
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What is a common programming error related to functions in C?
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Which of the following practices reflect good programming style in C? (Select all that apply)
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Study Notes
Introduction to C Programming
- C provides a comprehensive set of functions stored in the standard library, which includes 15 header files.
Identifiers in C
- Types of identifiers:
- Reserved words: Predefined words with special purposes, also called keywords.
- Standard identifiers: Predefined words in C, primarily names of functions in the standard library.
- Programmer-created identifiers: User-defined names for data and functions, following specific rules.
- Rules for programmer-created identifiers:
- Must start with a letter or underscore.
- Followed by letters, digits, or underscores; no blank spaces.
- Cannot be reserved words.
- Examples of invalid identifiers:
- Starting with a digit (e.g., 4ab7).
- Containing spaces (e.g., calculate total).
- Using reserved words (e.g., while).
- C is case-sensitive; TOTAL and total are different identifiers.
- Good example for function naming: degToRadians(); poor choices: easy, duh, justDoIt.
The main() Function
- Known as the driver function, it serves as the entry point for all C programs.
Simple Input/Output Operations
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Input Operations:
- Inputs are data entered into a program.
-
scanf(): A commonly used function to read formatted input. - Syntax example:
scanf("%d", &variable);
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Output Operations:
-
printf(): Formats and sends output to the display device (monitor). - Strings are character sequences in double quotes.
- Syntax example:
printf("Hello there world!");
-
Programming Style
-
Indentation:
- C ignores white space; good practice includes placing function names and braces on separate lines, with proper indentation for statements.
-
Comments:
- Used to explain code functionality; no effect on execution.
- Symbols indicate end of comments, and nesting comments is not allowed.
Common Programming Errors
- Omitting parentheses after main.
- Incorrectly typing or omitting braces for function bodies.
- Misspelling function names (e.g., print() instead of printf()).
- Forgetting to close strings or omit semicolons.
- Forgetting to include
\nfor new lines in output.
Summary of C Programs
- A C program consists of one or more functions, where each function describes an algorithm.
- Many functions are available in the standard library for use.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of C programming, including simple input/output operations and programming styles. It's based on 'A First Book of ANSI C' and focuses on providing foundational concepts and functions in C. Test your knowledge and understanding of C programming principles.
