Gestalt vs. Person-Centered Therapy

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Gestalt therapy?

Exploring past traumas exclusively

Providing structured advice to clients

Emphasizing the here-and-now experience (correct)

Addressing historical experiences in depth

How does Gestalt therapy view individuals?

As passive recipients of therapy

As fragmented beings needing separate treatments

As primarily influenced by external factors

As whole beings integrated into a holistic system (correct)

What does the 'figure-ground' concept in Gestalt therapy describe?

The imbalance between emotional and cognitive functions

The hierarchy of personal relationships

The distinction between major needs and background needs (correct)

The conflict between client goals and therapist interventions

What role does personal responsibility play in Gestalt therapy?

It is central to client empowerment Signup and view all the answers

What is 'unfinished business' in the context of Gestalt therapy?

Past concerns impacting present feelings and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is commonly used to enhance self-awareness in Gestalt therapy?

Role-playing scenarios Signup and view all the answers

What does Unconditional Positive Regard in counseling emphasize?

Accepting and valuing the client without judgment Signup and view all the answers

Who developed person-centered therapy?

Carl Rogers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a technique used in Individual Psychology?

Life Histories Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of person-centered therapy?

To guide clients towards self-actualization Signup and view all the answers

What are the three ego states described in Transactional Analysis?

Parent, Adult, Child Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes person-centered therapy from traditional psychoanalytic approaches?

It emphasizes client self-discovery rather than direct intervention Signup and view all the answers

What is a core belief underlying Existential Therapy?

Freedom and responsibility shape our choices. Signup and view all the answers

In Gestalt therapy, how is interpretation primarily conducted?

By the client reflecting on their own experiences Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of using paradoxical intentions in therapy?

To encourage engagement in feared behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes complementary transactions in social interactions?

Parallel and appropriate communication Signup and view all the answers

According to Adler, what drives individuals to strive for personal growth?

Feelings of inferiority Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes a life script in Transactional Analysis?

An unconscious life plan formed in childhood Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of phenomenology emphasize in Existential Therapy?

Personal perception and experience as valid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary aim of Individual Psychology counseling?

To help clients understand their lifestyle choices Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gestalt Therapy

Developed by Frederick "Fritz" Perls, this therapy emphasizes an existential and here-and-now focus.
Encourages clients to experience emotions and thoughts in the present moment.
Utilizes holistic systems theory, seeing individuals as integrated whole beings.
The figure-ground concept highlights the dynamic between immediate needs (figure) and background (ground); as needs are met, new needs arise.
Advocates for personal responsibility, urging clients to take charge of their actions and experiences.
Addresses "unfinished business," helping individuals resolve past issues impacting present behavior.
Techniques include role playing, the two-chair technique for internal dialogue, and dream work for self-exploration.
Interpretation arises from the client, while therapists may confront feelings, allowing clients to relive experiences.

Person-Centered Therapy

Developed by Carl Rogers, this approach focuses on understanding the client's viewpoint instead of a directive style.
Helps clients progress towards self-actualization, realizing their fullest potential.
The therapeutic relationship is characterized by three core conditions: unconditional positive regard, genuineness (congruence), and empathic understanding.
Emphasizes the importance of the client's feelings, shifting the focus from the past to the present.
Notable works by Rogers include "Counseling and Psychotherapy," "Client-Centered Therapy," and "On Becoming a Person."

Individual Psychology

Founded by Alfred Adler and later expanded by Rudolph Dreikurs, this approach centers on individual uniqueness and social influences.
Highlights the role of feelings of inferiority that drive personal growth toward superiority or success.
Each individual has a chosen lifestyle that summarizes their life plan, habits, and perspectives.
Counseling aims to help clients understand their lifestyle, develop social interests, and confront issues of inferiority.
Techniques include exploring life histories, assigning homework for insight reinforcement, and using paradoxical intentions to counteract fears.

Transactional Analysis (TA)

Developed by Eric Berne, TA divides personality into three ego states: Parent, Adult, and Child.
The life script is an unconscious plan from childhood that impacts behavior and decisions throughout life.
Transactions, fundamental units of social interaction, can be complementary (effective) or crossed (leading to misunderstanding).
Social interactions often resemble "games," repetitive actions with hidden motives to avoid intimacy.
Therapy goals involve helping clients understand TA concepts, identify dominant ego states, and analyze interactions.
Techniques include teaching TA concepts, diagnosis of ego states, interpreting transactions, establishing contracts, and confronting dysfunctional behaviors.

Existential Therapy

Influenced by Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom, this therapy examines human existence holistically.
Emphasizes phenomenology, valuing direct experiences and perceptions.
Focuses on the freedom to make choices and the accompanying responsibility, which can induce anxiety and guilt.
The quest for meaning is central, as individuals navigate feelings of isolation and disconnection.
Goals of therapy include fostering self-awareness, understanding one's existence, and recognizing freedom in choices.
Logotherapy, introduced by Frankl, centers on finding meaning, asserting personal freedom, and acknowledging the responsibility of one's choices.

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Description

Explore the foundational principles of Gestalt Therapy developed by Fritz Perls and Person-Centered Therapy created by Carl Rogers. This quiz will highlight their key concepts, techniques, and the importance of client experience in therapy. Test your understanding of these two influential therapeutic approaches.