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Questions and Answers
What percentage of ovarian tumors are germ cell tumors?
What percentage of ovarian tumors are germ cell tumors?
- 5%
- 25%
- 50%
- 15% (correct)
Which tumor subtype is characterized by a mixture of fetal tissues derived from different embryologic layers?
Which tumor subtype is characterized by a mixture of fetal tissues derived from different embryologic layers?
- Choriocarcinoma
- Endodermal sinus tumor
- Dysgerminoma
- Cystic teratoma (correct)
Which germ cell tumor is the most common malignant type in females and resembles oocytes?
Which germ cell tumor is the most common malignant type in females and resembles oocytes?
- Struma ovarii
- Embryonal carcinoma
- Dysgerminoma (correct)
- Choriocarcinoma
Which of the following tumors is associated with elevated levels of serum AFP?
Which of the following tumors is associated with elevated levels of serum AFP?
Choriocarcinoma is characterized by which of the following features?
Choriocarcinoma is characterized by which of the following features?
Flashcards
What are germ cell tumors?
What are germ cell tumors?
A type of ovarian tumor arising from germ cells, which are the cells that give rise to sperm and eggs. These tumors can resemble different tissues normally produced by germ cells, such as fetal tissue, oocytes, yolk sac, or placental tissue.
What is a cystic teratoma?
What is a cystic teratoma?
A benign ovarian tumor composed of fetal tissue derived from different embryologic layers. It can contain a variety of structures like skin, hair, bone, and cartilage.
What is an endodermal sinus tumor?
What is an endodermal sinus tumor?
A malignant germ cell tumor that resembles the yolk sac, often seen in children. It can produce a protein called alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).
What is a choriocarcinoma?
What is a choriocarcinoma?
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What is an embryonal carcinoma?
What is an embryonal carcinoma?
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Study Notes
Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary
- Second most common ovarian tumor type, accounting for 15% of cases
- Develop in women of reproductive age
- Tumor types mimic tissues produced by germ cells
Subtypes
- Fetal Tissue:
- Cystic teratoma
- Embryonal carcinoma
- Oocytes:
- Dysgerminoma
- Yolk Sac:
- Endodermal sinus tumor
- Placental Tissue:
- Choriocarcinoma
Cystic Teratoma
- Cystic tumor formed from fetal tissues (e.g., skin, hair, bone, cartilage, gut, thyroid)
- Typically benign, but presence of immature tissue (neural tissue or somatic malignancies like skin squamous cell carcinoma) indicates potential for malignancy
- Struma ovarii is a subtype predominantly composed of thyroid tissue
- Bilateral in approximately 10% of cases
- Most common germ cell tumor in females
Dysgerminoma
- Composed of large cells, resembling oocytes, with clear cytoplasm and central nuclei
- Highly malignant germ cell tumor
- Testicular counterpart is called seminoma
- Good prognosis, often responding well to radiotherapy
- Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels are sometimes observed
Endodermal Sinus Tumor
- Malignant, resembling the yolk sac
- Most common germ cell tumor in children
- Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are often elevated
- Characterized by Schiller-Duval bodies under microscope (glomerulus-like structures)
Choriocarcinoma
- Highly malignant tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts
- Resembles placental tissue, but villi are absent
- Characterized by early hematogenous spread
- High levels of β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) are observed, potentially leading to thecal cysts in the ovary
Embryonal Carcinoma
- Malignant tumor consisting of large primitive cells
- Highly aggressive, often developing early metastasis
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Description
Explore the different types and subtypes of germ cell tumors affecting the ovaries. This quiz covers characteristics of tumors like cystic teratoma, dysgerminoma, and more. Understand their classification, prevalence, and potential malignancy risks associated with these tumors.
