Geriatric Assessment Overview
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Questions and Answers

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) are a stronger predictor of hospital outcomes than admitting diagnoses.

True (A)

Which of the following is NOT a component of the "Get Up and Go" Test?

  • The patient sits in a chair, rises and walks ten feet (3 meters), turns, and returns to the chair.
  • The patient should be able to complete the test in under 20 seconds.
  • The patient is asked to bend over, touch their toes and stand back up again. (correct)
  • The patient's gait and balance will be evaluated.

    • What is the primary focus of geriatric assessment?

    Function

    The "Get Up and Go" test is used to measure cognitive function in older adults.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the most common causes of cognitive impairment in older adults?

    <p>Delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Geriatric Assessment

    A comprehensive, multidimensional process to identify and treat common geriatric disorders and improve overall health and function.

    Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)

    Complex everyday tasks needed for independent living, beyond basic self-care.

    Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

    Basic self-care tasks like dressing, eating, bathing, toileting, and ambulating.

    Functional Assessment

    Evaluation of a person's ability to perform daily tasks.

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    Physical Functioning

    Assessment of mobility, balance, and ability to perform daily self-care activities.

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    Cognitive Functioning

    Assessment of memory, reasoning, and judgment abilities in older adults.

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    Psychosocial Functioning

    Evaluation of mental health, depression, caregiver support, and financial resources in older adults.

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    Timed "Get Up and Go" Test

    A test to assess mobility and risk of falls in older adults.

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    Chair Rise Test

    A test to assess lower body strength and risk of falls, particularly for older adults.

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    Folstein MMSE

    A cognitive test used to assess the severity of cognitive impairment in older people

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    Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)

    A tool used to diagnose delirium in older adults in clinical settings.

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    Mini-Cog

    A brief cognitive assessment tool for detecting cognitive impairment and dementia.

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    Occupational Therapy (OT)

    Therapy that uses everyday activities (occupations) to help people improve their physical, mental, emotional, and developmental health.

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    Physical Therapy

    Focuses on restoring and maintaining movement and functional abilities, often used for injuries, illness and aging related physical changes

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    Speech-Language Pathology

    Therapy focusing on improving communication and swallowing difficulties for individuals

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    Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)

    A validated questionnaire for screening depression in older adults

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    Advance Directive

    Legal documents that allow individuals to specify their healthcare preferences if they lose capacity.

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    Living Will

    A document that outlines desired medical treatments near the end of life.

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    Health Care Power of Attorney

    A legal document naming a person to make healthcare decisions for another if they become unable.

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    Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)

    Medical order to withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation if the heart stops.

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    Decision-Making Capacity

    Ability to understand information, appreciate consequences, and make rational choices.

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    Informed Consent

    A patient's agreement to undergo treatment after understanding its nature and possible outcomes.

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    Refusal of Treatment

    A patient's right to refuse treatment, even if it hastens death; must have decision-making capacity.

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    Ethical Dilemma

    A difficult situation with no clear 'right' answer in a challenging case.

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    Study Notes

    Geriatric Assessment

    • Aims: to recognize common geriatric disorders, plan effective treatment programs, improve overall health and functional outcomes, reduce vulnerability to subsequent illness, and improve quality of life.
    • Function: Physical function (gait and balance, self-care), cognitive function (memory, reasoning, judgment, life-maintenance), psychosocial function (depression, mental health, caregiver support, financial resources).
    • Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Shopping, housekeeping, accounting, food prep, transportation.
    • Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Dressing, eating, ambulating, toileting, hygiene, bathing
    • Importance of ADLs/IADLs: predict hospital outcomes, functional decline, length of stay, institutionalization.
    • Assessment: functional tasks (walking, dressing), standardized tests, performance-based testing
    • Best test: a "real world" performance test is easy to perform in an office setting and evaluate.

    Timed "Get Up and Go" Test

    • Patient sits in a chair, rises, walks 10 feet, turns, returns to chair.
    • < 20 seconds is considered normal, > 30 seconds indicates functional dependence.
    • High risk for falls.

    Chair Rise Test

    • Standard chair with arms.
    • Patient rises from the chair without support.
    • <15 seconds for 5 repetitions is normal.

    Cognitive Evaluation

    • Prevalence of cognitive impairment: 3% at 65, doubling every 5 years.
    • Causes of cognitive impairment: delirium, dementia, depression.

    Mini-Cog Test

    • 3-item recall after clock drawing task.
    • Easy to administer with high sensitivity and specificity.
    • Not as dependent on education or language.

    Clock Drawing Test

    • Test for cognitive impairment.
    • Assess recall and cognitive speed with 3 items.

    Depression Screening

    • Single question: "Do you often feel sad or depressed?"
    • 2-item screening assesses depressed mood and anhedonia (lack of interest or pleasure in activities).
    • Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) screen for depression, with >5 points suggesting possible depression.

    Geriatric Assessment - Other Information

    • Folstein Mini-Mental State Exam: (MMSE) a 30-point questionnaire used to screen for cognitive impairment.
    • Interpretation of Scores: Scores <24 are considered abnormal.
    • Risk for Falls: factors like leg weakness, gait deficit are associated with increased fall risk. A relative risk score for each is given.

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    Related Documents

    Geriatric Assessment PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the key aspects of geriatric assessment, including the recognition of common disorders, the evaluation of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functions, and the significance of Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Participants will learn about assessment methods and the importance of functional outcomes to enhance the quality of life for older adults.

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