GERD and AIDS Overview Quiz

Acid Reflux (GERD)

• The primary symptom of GERD is heartburn (pyrosis).
• A barium swallow fluoroscopy can confirm the diagnosis of GERD.
• GERD occurs due to a malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter.
• Patients with GERD should eat small frequent meals to reduce hydrochloric acid production.
• Patients should remain upright for 30 minutes after each meal to prevent acid reflux.
• Individuals with GERD should avoid acidic foods like orange juice and tomatoes.
• Antacids can be helpful in managing GERD symptoms and should be taken 1 hour before or after other medications.
• Antacids can cause constipation.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes AIDS.
• HIV is transmitted through sexual intercourse and direct contact with infected blood or body fluids like semen and breast milk.
• Common symptoms of HIV include fever, weight loss, night sweats, diarrhea, and fatigue.
• An ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is used as a preliminary screening test to detect HIV antibodies in the blood.
• An HIV differentiation assay confirms a positive ELISA screening test. (Western Blot is no longer used).
• HIV attacks the immune system by destroying T-lymphocytes, which are crucial for recognizing and fighting pathogens.
• HIV rapidly replicates within the body.