Geometry: Triangle Inequality and Probability

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Questions and Answers

In triangle ABC, $AB = 5$ cm, and $BC = 8$ cm. According to the Triangle Inequality Theorem, which of the following could be a possible length for side AC?

  • 2 cm
  • 14 cm
  • 12 cm (correct)
  • 3 cm

Given a triangle where one exterior angle measures 120°, which of the following statements must be true according to the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem?

  • One of the remote interior angles is greater than 120°.
  • One of the remote interior angles is equal to 60°.
  • Both remote interior angles are less than 120°. (correct)
  • Both remote interior angles are greater than 120°.

Two triangles, $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle XYZ$, have $AB = XY$ and $BC = YZ$. If $\angle B > \angle Y$, which theorem justifies the conclusion that $AC > XZ$?

  • Converse of the Hinge Theorem
  • Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem
  • Triangle Inequality Theorem
  • Hinge Theorem (correct)

In $\triangle PQR$, if $PQ = 10$ cm and $PR = 8$ cm, and $\angle R = 60°$, which of the following statements must be true?

<p>$\angle P &gt; \angle R$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Line $l$ and line $m$ are parallel and cut by a transversal $t$. If one of the interior angles on the same side of the transversal is 110°, what is the measure of the other interior angle on the same side?

<p>70° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is sufficient to prove that two lines cut by a transversal are parallel?

<p>Corresponding angles are congruent. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Line $p$ has a slope of 2. Which of the following slopes would indicate a line $q$ that is perpendicular to line $p$?

<p>$-\frac{1}{2}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A bag contains 5 red balls and 3 blue balls. If you draw one ball at random, what is the sample space for this experiment?

<p>{red, blue} (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many different 3-digit numbers can be formed using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 if repetition of digits is allowed?

<p>125 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fair six-sided die is rolled. What is the theoretical probability of rolling an even number?

<p>$\frac{1}{2}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Triangle Inequality Theorem

The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the length of the third side.

Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem

An exterior angle of a triangle is greater than either of the non-adjacent interior angles.

Hinge Theorem and Converse

If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of another triangle, but the included angle of the first is larger than the included angle of the second, then the third side of the first is longer than the third side of the second. Converse: If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of another triangle, but the third side of the first is longer than the third side of the second, then the included angle of the first is larger than the included angle of the second.

Side-Angle Relationship

If one side of a triangle is longer than another side, then the angle opposite the longer side is larger than the angle opposite the shorter side.

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Angle-Side Relationship

If one angle of a triangle is larger than another angle, then the side opposite the larger angle is longer than the side opposite the smaller angle.

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Parallel Lines and Transversals

When a transversal intersects parallel lines, corresponding angles, alternate interior angles, and alternate exterior angles are congruent. Same-side interior angles are supplementary.

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Proving Parallel Lines

If corresponding angles, alternate interior angles, or alternate exterior angles are congruent, or if same-side interior angles are supplementary, then the lines are parallel.

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Probability Concepts

Experiments, outcomes, sample space, and events are terms used to study this concept.

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Counting Possible Outcomes

Listing, tree diagrams, the fundamental counting principle, and permutations/combinations are different ways you can apply in order to count all possibilities.

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Probability of a Simple Event

Probability of an event is equal to the number of favorable outcomes divided by the total number of possible outcomes; can be experimental (based on trials) or theoretical (based on reasoning).

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Study Notes

  • Tomorrow is the unit test.
  • Review all lessons thoroughly.
  • The 4th Quarter Unit Test covers these topics:

Theorems on Triangle Inequalities:

  • Triangle Inequality Theorem
  • Exterior Inequality Theorem
  • The Hinge Theorem and its Converse
  • Angle-Side Relationship
  • Side-Angle Relationship

Parallel Lines and Transversals

  • Properties of Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal
  • Proving Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal
  • Conditions for Parallelism and Perpendicularity

Probability Concepts

  • Illustrating Experiments, Outcomes, Sample Space, and Events
  • Four Different Methods for Counting Possible Outcomes
  • Finding the Probability of a Simple Event (Experimental and Theoretical Probability)

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