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Questions and Answers
What is surveying?
The art and science of determining angular and linear measurements to establish the form, extent, and relative position of points, lines, and areas on or near the surface of the earth.
What disciplines are included in Geomatics?
Surveying, Geodesy, Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry, Cartography, Geographic Information Systems, Global Positioning System.
What are the main jobs of a surveyor?
Practice the science of measurement; assemble and assess geographic related information; use that information for planning and implementing the efficient administration of the land, sea, and structures.
The pyramid of Giza does not align with the true meridian.
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Which of the following was a development in the history of surveying from 1400-1700?
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The four phases of surveying include reconnaissance, fieldwork & data collection, computing & data processing, and ________.
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Name a type of survey that takes into account the true shape of the earth.
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Match the types of surveying with their descriptions:
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Which type of survey is performed to secure data for making a topographic map?
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Study Notes
Geomatics
- The science of measuring, representing, analyzing, managing, retrieving, and displaying spatial information.
- It encompasses fields including:
- Surveying
- Geodesy
- Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry
- Cartography
- Geographic Information Systems
- Global Positioning Systems
Surveying
- The art and science of determining angular and linear measurements to establish the form, extent, and relative position of points, lines, and areas on or near the surface of the earth or on other extraterrestrial bodies.
- This is done through applied mathematics, specialized equipment, and techniques.
Surveyor
- A professional with academic qualifications and technical expertise who practices the science of measurement.
- They assemble and assess geographic information and use it for planning and implementing the efficient administration of land, sea, and structures.
History of Surveying
- Babylon: Clay tablets contained land records.
- Egypt: The pyramid of Giza is nearly a perfect square, with one side aligned with the true meridian.
- Ancient Greece: Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth with significant accuracy.
- Rome: A school of surveying was established to teach town planning, map making, and the building of roads and aqueducts.
- 1400-1700: Developments in telescope design, standardization of measurement units, the measurement of magnetic declination, and the determination of longitude led to advancements in surveying.
- 1900: World War I and II spurred improvements in surveying equipment and operations.
Phases of Surveying
- Reconnaissance: Selecting the method, equipment, and final point locations.
- Fieldwork & Data Collection: Making measurements and recording data in the field.
- Computing & Data Processing: Preparing calculations based on recorded data to determine locations in a usable form.
- Mapping or Data Representation: Plotting data to produce a map, plot, or chart in the proper form.
Uses of Surveys
- Establishment of land boundaries
- Fixing national and state boundaries
- Charting coastlines and navigable streams and lakes
- Precisely locating definite reference points
- Collection of data concerning the Earth’s magnetism.
Types of Surveying
- Plane Surveying: Treats the mean surface of the earth as a plane, neglecting its spheroidal shape.
- Geodetic Surveying: Takes into account the true shape of the earth.
Types of Surveys
- Control Survey: Establishes the horizontal and vertical positions of arbitrary points.
- Property Survey: Determines the length and direction of lot lines and establishes their position on the ground.
- Topographic Survey: Collects data for topographic maps, indicating the configuration of the terrain and the location of natural and human-made objects.
- Hydrographic Survey: Surveys bodies of water for purposes like navigation, water supply, or subaqueous construction.
- Mine Survey: Controls, locates, and maps underground and surface works related to mining operations, utilizing principles of land, geologic, and topographic surveying.
- Route Survey: Control, topographic, and construction surveys needed for the location and construction of transportation or communication routes (highways, railroads, canals, transmission lines, and pipelines).
- Construction Survey: Determines the position and elevation of structures during construction, ensuring accuracy and adherence to plans.
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Description
Explore the fascinating fields of geomatics and surveying that involve the measurement and analysis of spatial information. This quiz covers various aspects of both disciplines, including their history, practices, and the technology used. Test your knowledge on key concepts related to geodesy, cartography, and geographic information systems.
