GEOM 102: Surveying for Environmental Design Week 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the main aim of the GEOM 102 course?

To introduce the basic concepts of surveying science (correct)

To introduce advanced concepts of surveying science

To specialize in geomatics engineering

To master field work techniques in surveying

What is surveying defined as?

The technology of measuring distances and angles

The practice of establishing points on the Earth's surface

The art of determining points above the Earth's surface

The science, art, and technology of determining the relative positions of points above, on, or beneath the Earth's surface (correct)

What percentage of the course grade is allocated to Assignments?

10%

20%

25%

15% (correct)

What is the title of one of the recommended textbooks for the course?

Elementary Surveying: an Introduction to Geomatics Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the course grade is allocated to the Final Theory Exam?

30% Signup and view all the answers

How many editions of the textbook 'Elementary Surveying: an Introduction to Geomatics' is mentioned in the course outline?

13th Signup and view all the answers

When did the interest in infrastructure projects and rapid achievement arise, leading to the development of surveying?

20th century Signup and view all the answers

What shape does the Geoid represent in surveying?

Level surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Geodetic Surveying?

Precise positioning over wide areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the categories of surveying?

Equipment, techniques, precision, and speed of surveying measurement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of surveying?

Geological Surveying Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Geodetic and Plane Surveying?

One assumes the Earth is a sphere, the other a plane Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the study of the Earth's surface in surveying?

Geomatics Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of Topographical Surveying?

To provide information about feature positioning and characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of the shape of the Earth's surface?

Topography Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the Earth's surface that cannot be considered regular in surveying?

Complex shape Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Cadastral Surveying?

Property boundaries and ownership Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the science of gathering, storing, and analyzing geographically referenced data?

Geomatics Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary output of Plane Surveying?

A map or chart Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the measurement of the height of a point on the Earth's surface?

Altimetry Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of surveying in engineering projects?

To produce ground maps for the implementation of engineering projects Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of Cartesian Coordinates in surveying?

Each point is numerically defined as (x, y, H) or (E,N,Z) and graphically on the map Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the science of geometry?

The Greeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the ancient Egyptian surveyors?

Rope-Stretchers Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of surveying in terms of land demarcation?

Boundary determination Signup and view all the answers

Who worked on the development of surveying instruments and maps during the Middle Ages?

The Arabs Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of surveying in all ground-related domains?

It is an indispensable science and art Signup and view all the answers

When did the Romans develop the surveying science for roads and canals construction?

First Century Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of Topographical surveying?

Numerical coordinates of points Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Altimetry Surveying and Planimetry Surveying?

Horizontal vs. Vertical Projection Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an Observer in surveying measurement?

To make the measurement Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of conventional symbols in Topographical surveying?

To represent points, lines, and polygons Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main components of surveying measurement equipment?

Distance and Angle Signup and view all the answers

What is the graphical representation of Topographical surveying?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Observation Device in surveying measurement?

To facilitate the measurement Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of surveying measurements?

They are affected by measurement errors Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Introduction: Surveying for Environmental Design

GEOM 102 course aims to introduce basic concepts of surveying science, recognizing essential types of measurements, and processing techniques for producing surveying maps.

Surveying Definition

Surveying is the science, art, and technology of determining the relative positions of points above, on, or beneath the Earth's surface, or establishing such points.

Importance of Surveying

Surveying is the oldest science used in boundary determination and land demarcation.
It provides a unique procedure for producing ground maps for engineering projects.
It is a powerful source of providing geospatial data required for GIS databases.
It is an indispensable science and art for all ground-related domains.

Historical Glance of Surveying

Ancient Egyptians were the first to work in surveying (1400 B.C).
Greeks developed the science of geometry (120 B.C).
Romans developed surveying science for roads and canals construction (First Century).
Arabs excelled in developing surveying instruments, maps, and practical geometry (Middle Ages).
Europeans worked on border demarcation and establishing world maps (18th century).
In the 20th century, interest in infrastructure projects and rapid achievement led to surveying development with technology.

The Earth's Surface in Surveying

The Earth's surface is a complex shape, considered as:
- Natural (complex shape)
- Physical (GEOID: a level surface)
- Geometrical (Ellipsoid, Sphere, or Plane)

Main Categories of Surveying

Surveying can be categorized into:
- Spatial Surveying
- Aerial Surveying
- Hydrographic Surveying
- Terrestrial Surveying

Terrestrial Surveying Classifications

Terrestrial Surveying can be classified into:
- Geodetic Surveying
- Plane Surveying
- Control Surveying
- Topographic Surveying
- Construction Surveying
- Cadastral Surveying
- Alignment Surveying

General Types of Terrestrial Surveying

Geodetic Surveying: considers the Earth as a sphere, useful for precise positioning, and applicable in wide areas.
Plane Surveying: considers the Earth as a plane, useful for features representation, and applicable in limited areas.

Definition of Topographical Surveying

Topographical Surveying is a specialized surveying that determines positions of natural and artificial details on the Earth's surface, describing the terrain shape.

Branches of Topographical Surveying

Planimetry Surveying: deals with planar coordinates, horizontal projection, and two-dimensional system.
Altimetry Surveying: deals with relative and absolute elevation, vertical projection, and three-dimensional system.

Types of Surveying Measurement

In Surveying, measurements are either:
- Distance (Horizontal, Vertical, Slope)
- Angle (Horizontal, Vertical, Azimuth)

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Description

Course introduction to Surveying for Environmental Design, covering course description, surveying definition, importance, types, and measurements.