Geology: Stress and Deformation Quiz

True (A)

Elastic Deformation, Ductile Deformation, Fracturing (Brittle) Deformation

<p>tensional</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elastic Deformation = Reversible change in shape Ductile Deformation = Permanent change without cracking Brittle Deformation = Permanent change with cracking Stress = Force per unit area on a rock body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ductile Deformation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>stresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Normal Fault (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lateral movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>horizontal, vertical</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Normal Fault = Occurs where the crust is being pulled apart Reverse Fault = Occurs where the crust is being compressed Strike-slip Fault = Involves lateral movement along the fault line Oblique Fault = Combines horizontal and vertical movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fold axis is not horizontal. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ductile/Plastic Deformation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>dome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fold axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oblique (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The axial plane is vertical and limbs are mirror images. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>syncline</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ductile Deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dome = Central uplift with oldest at the center Basin = Central sinking with youngest at the center Anticline = Oldest rock at the center with A-shape Syncline = Youngest rock at the center with U-shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Axial Plane = Imaginary surface dividing a fold symmetrically Ductile Deformation = Irreversible changes resulting in folding Symmetric Folds = Folds with vertical axial planes and mirror image limbs Asymmetric Folds = Folds with tilted axial planes resulting in unequal limbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Force acting on a rock per unit area.

Change in shape or volume of a material due to stress.

Stress that squeezes and shortens a rock.

Stress that pulls and stretches a rock.

Stress that causes a rock to slide past another.

Rock changes shape temporarily and returns to original shape when stress is removed.

Permanent change in shape of a rock without breaking.

Rock breaks and fractures under stress.

Change in the shape or volume of a rock caused by stress.

Ductile deformation and brittle deformation.

An imaginary surface that divides a fold as symmetrically as possible.

The line where the axial plane intersects with the layers of the fold.

The two sides of a fold; they are the layers that have been bent.

Folds where the axial plane is vertical and the limbs are mirror images of each other.

A type of fold where the fold axis is parallel to the Earth's surface.

A type of fold where the fold axis is inclined at an angle to the horizontal.

A fold that bends upwards, with the oldest rocks in the center.

A fold that bends downwards, with the youngest rocks in the center.

An upward fold where the age of the rocks is unknown.

A downward fold where the age of the rocks is unknown.

A circular uplift, with the youngest rocks on the edges and the oldest in the center.

A circular depression, with the oldest rocks on the edges and the youngest in the center.

A fault where the movement is primarily vertical, causing one block to move up or down relative to the other.

A dip-slip fault where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall, resulting in extension or stretching of the crust.

A dip-slip fault where the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall, resulting in shortening or compression of the crust.

A fault where the movement is primarily horizontal, with blocks sliding past each other.

A fault with a combination of vertical and horizontal movement, resulting in a diagonal displacement.