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Questions and Answers
What causes the movement of tectonic plates?
What causes the movement of tectonic plates?
Which type of rock is formed primarily by heat or cooled magma?
Which type of rock is formed primarily by heat or cooled magma?
What type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide against each other?
What type of boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide against each other?
What is the law of superposition used for?
What is the law of superposition used for?
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Which process refers to the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces?
Which process refers to the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces?
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What is a significant human impact on the environment that leads to soil degradation?
What is a significant human impact on the environment that leads to soil degradation?
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Which of the following occurs when tectonic plates move away from each other?
Which of the following occurs when tectonic plates move away from each other?
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What does the amplitude of a wave measure?
What does the amplitude of a wave measure?
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Study Notes
Earth's Layers and Rock Recycling
- Earth's layers (mantle, core) become denser inwards
- Tectonic plates move due to mantle convection currents
- Three rock types: metamorphic (pressure), sedimentary (layers), igneous (cooled magma)
- Law of superposition: younger rocks are on top of older rocks
Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition
- Weathering: breaking down rocks (chemical or physical)
- Erosion: moving rocks/sediment (various sources)
- Deposition: sediment settling in new location
Plate Tectonics
- Plate tectonics: plates moving over time
- Evidence: fossil records, etc.
- Types of plate boundaries:
- Transform: plates slide past each other (earthquakes)
- Convergent: plates collide (mountains, volcanoes)
- Divergent: plates move apart (sea trenches)
- Rocks created at divergent boundaries are usually igneous.
Law of Superposition
- Younger rocks are on top of older rocks in sedimentary layers
- Used for relative dating: comparing rock ages
Human Impact
- Greenhouse effect: gases trapping heat
- Urbanization: habitat destruction
- Soil erosion: reduced fertility
- Desertification: fertile land turning to desert
- Ocean acidification: increasing acidity of oceans
Electromagnetic Waves
- Electromagnetic waves have both wavelength and amplitude
- Light waves speed: Vacuum > Air > Liquid > Solid
- Sound waves speed: Solid > Liquid > Air
- Electromagnetic spectrum: Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, UV, X-ray, Gamma
- Different colors/waves reflect and refract differently
- A color reflects a certain wavelength
Energy
- Energy is the ability to do work.
- It can't be created or destroyed.
- Types of energy: potential (stored) and kinetic (moving)
Heat
- Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from hot to cold
- Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy
- Heat transfer until thermal equilibrium is reached (equal heat)
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Earth's layers, rock types, and the processes of weathering, erosion, and deposition. This quiz also covers plate tectonics and the law of superposition, highlighting how these concepts interconnect in geology. Perfect for students studying Earth science!
