30 Questions
What is the study of igneous rocks called?
Petrology
Which branch of geology is focused on the study of modern sediments and the processes leading to their formation?
Sedimentary Petrology
What is another term used for Structural Geology?
Tectonics
What do paleontologists study?
Ancient remains of plants and animals
What role does Structural Geology play in civil engineering?
Study of structures in rocks
What is Paleontology divided into, similar to petrology?
'Specialized divisions'
What type of earthquake occurs when rocks and adjoining plates are subjected to geological pressures?
Tectonic Earthquake
In what regions might aftershocks not occur following the main shock?
In regions not ruptured in the main shock
What causes volcanic earthquakes?
Volcanic eruptions
Which type of earthquake results from a chemical or nuclear device explosion?
Explosion Earthquake
What is seismic prospecting aimed at finding?
Mineral deposits
What causes collapse earthquakes according to the text?
Underground caverns or mine collapses
What is the branch of geology that deals with the study of rocks?
Petrology
Which subdivision of petrology deals with rocks formed from the transformation of existing rock types?
Metamorphic petrology
How are minerals defined?
Elements or chemical compounds that are crystalline and formed geologically
Why is mineralogy important in civil engineering?
For identifying rocks and atomic energy production
What is a common property used to identify minerals?
Density
Which subdivision of petrology focuses on rocks in a molten state?
Igneous petrology
What causes salt crystals to exert pressure on rocks?
Expansion when heated
Which of the following organisms play a significant role in physical weathering?
Earthworms
What process in chemical weathering involves rock minerals absorbing water and expanding?
Hydration
What occurs during hydrolysis in chemical weathering?
A reaction between minerals in the rock and water
Which process in chemical weathering involves oxygen combining with minerals in the rock to form oxides?
Oxidation
What refers to the weakening and disintegration of rocks by plants, animals, and microbes?
Biological weathering
What is the capillary fringe?
The region above the water table where groundwater is drawn up by capillary action
Which character of groundwater includes parameters like temperature, clarity, turbidity, and flow velocity in aquifers?
Physical characters
What is the primary characteristic of aquicludes?
Low permeability
What is the main function of aquifers?
Storing significant amounts of water
Which part of the hydrological cycle involves the movement of infiltrated water through soil and rock layers?
Percolation
What defines the boundary between the saturated and unsaturated zones in the subsurface?
Groundwater Table
Test your knowledge on geological weathering processes including how salt crystals grow in rocks and the role of organisms like plants and insects in physical weathering.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
