Geology Practice Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the study of igneous rocks called?

  • Sedimentary Petrology
  • Petrology (correct)
  • Volcanology
  • Tectonophysics

Which branch of geology is focused on the study of modern sediments and the processes leading to their formation?

  • Petrology
  • Volcanology
  • Sedimentary Petrology (correct)
  • Structural Geology

What is another term used for Structural Geology?

  • Tectonics (correct)
  • Paleontology
  • Volcanology
  • Petrology

What do paleontologists study?

<p>Ancient remains of plants and animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does Structural Geology play in civil engineering?

<p>Study of structures in rocks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Paleontology divided into, similar to petrology?

<p>'Specialized divisions' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of earthquake occurs when rocks and adjoining plates are subjected to geological pressures?

<p>Tectonic Earthquake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what regions might aftershocks not occur following the main shock?

<p>In regions not ruptured in the main shock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes volcanic earthquakes?

<p>Volcanic eruptions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of earthquake results from a chemical or nuclear device explosion?

<p>Explosion Earthquake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is seismic prospecting aimed at finding?

<p>Mineral deposits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes collapse earthquakes according to the text?

<p>Underground caverns or mine collapses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the branch of geology that deals with the study of rocks?

<p>Petrology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subdivision of petrology deals with rocks formed from the transformation of existing rock types?

<p>Metamorphic petrology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are minerals defined?

<p>Elements or chemical compounds that are crystalline and formed geologically (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is mineralogy important in civil engineering?

<p>For identifying rocks and atomic energy production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common property used to identify minerals?

<p>Density (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subdivision of petrology focuses on rocks in a molten state?

<p>Igneous petrology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes salt crystals to exert pressure on rocks?

<p>Expansion when heated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms play a significant role in physical weathering?

<p>Earthworms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process in chemical weathering involves rock minerals absorbing water and expanding?

<p>Hydration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during hydrolysis in chemical weathering?

<p>A reaction between minerals in the rock and water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process in chemical weathering involves oxygen combining with minerals in the rock to form oxides?

<p>Oxidation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What refers to the weakening and disintegration of rocks by plants, animals, and microbes?

<p>Biological weathering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the capillary fringe?

<p>The region above the water table where groundwater is drawn up by capillary action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which character of groundwater includes parameters like temperature, clarity, turbidity, and flow velocity in aquifers?

<p>Physical characters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of aquicludes?

<p>Low permeability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of aquifers?

<p>Storing significant amounts of water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the hydrological cycle involves the movement of infiltrated water through soil and rock layers?

<p>Percolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the boundary between the saturated and unsaturated zones in the subsurface?

<p>Groundwater Table (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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