31 Questions
Why does the Ring of Fire account for 80% of Earth’s volcanic and earthquake activity?
It is located at the meeting point of multiple tectonic plates
Why do some places have earthquakes and volcanoes while others, like CT, do not?
The presence of active tectonic plate boundaries
Why are earthquakes and volcanoes more likely to occur at plate boundaries?
Because of the interaction between tectonic plates
What is subduction in the context of plate tectonics?
The sinking of one tectonic plate beneath another
Why does subduction occur where oceanic and continental plates converge?
Because the oceanic plate is thinner and denser than the continental plate
What geological feature is associated with a transform plate boundary?
Fault lines
What evidence did Alfred Wegner use to support his theory of continental drift?
Fossil records and rock formations
Which of the following statements about Earth’s crust is true?
Old lithosphere is destroyed and new lithosphere is formed at plate boundaries.
In which layer of the Earth does convection occur?
Mantle
What are the 3 types of rocks?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Where would you expect to find fossil remains?
In sedimentary rocks
What makes up the Earth’s lithosphere?
The solid crust and upper mantle
What occurs at a subduction zone?
Oceanic plates are destroyed beneath continental plates
What process leads to the formation of igneous rocks?
Melting and solidification of magma or lava
What drives the movement of tectonic plates according to the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
Convection currents in the mantle
What is formed when existing rocks undergo extreme heat and pressure?
Metamorphic rocks
What geological feature is associated with a divergent plate boundary?
Mid-ocean ridge
Why does subduction occur where oceanic and continental plates converge?
The oceanic plate is denser and moves below the continental plate
What occurs at a transform plate boundary?
Horizontal sliding past each other of two tectonic plates
What process leads to the formation of igneous rocks?
Solidification of molten rock material
What drives the movement of tectonic plates according to the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
Convection currents in the mantle
Why are earthquakes and volcanoes more likely to occur at plate boundaries?
Friction and stress from the movement of tectonic plates
Which of the following is a true statement about the Earth's lithosphere?
The lithosphere moves around but is never destroyed.
What kinds of evidence did Alfred Wegner use to support his theory of continental drift?
Fossil records and ancient climate data
In which layer of the Earth does convection occur?
Mantle
What are the 3 types of rocks classified by?
How they are formed
What geological feature is associated with a transform plate boundary?
Fault lines
What process leads to the formation of sedimentary rocks?
Weathering and erosion
Which rock type would you expect to find fossil remains in?
Sedimentary rock
Why does subduction occur where oceanic and continental plates converge?
The denser oceanic plate is forced beneath the lighter continental plate due to gravitational pull.
Why are earthquakes and volcanoes more likely to occur at plate boundaries?
The pressure from the movement of tectonic plates causes fracturing in the Earth's crust, leading to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
Study Notes
Plate Tectonics
- The Ring of Fire accounts for 80% of Earth's volcanic and earthquake activity due to the convergence of multiple plate boundaries.
- Earthquakes and volcanoes occur at plate boundaries where there is a build-up of stress between plates.
Subduction
- Subduction occurs where oceanic and continental plates converge, with denser oceanic plates being pushed beneath the lighter continental plates.
- Subduction zones are characterized by deep-sea trenches and volcanic arcs.
Plate Boundaries
- Divergent plate boundaries are associated with mid-ocean ridges and the formation of new oceanic crust.
- Transform plate boundaries are associated with fault lines, such as the San Andreas Fault.
- Convergent plate boundaries can be either continental-continental or oceanic-continental, resulting in mountain building or subduction.
Rocks
- The three types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
- Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
- Sedimentary rocks are formed through the compression and cementation of sediments.
- Metamorphic rocks are formed through the alteration of existing rocks under high heat and pressure.
Earth's Structure
- The lithosphere is the outermost solid layer of the Earth, broken into several large plates that move relative to each other.
- Convection occurs in the Earth's mantle, driving the movement of tectonic plates.
Continental Drift
- Alfred Wegener used fossil evidence, similarities in coastline shapes, and paleomagnetism to support his theory of continental drift.
Earth's Crust
- The Earth's crust is broken into several large plates that move relative to each other, resulting in geological activity at their boundaries.
Study guide for Unit 2 test on geological processes. Focuses on Activity 6: Mapping Locations of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. This review packet is to be completed by 1/16 to prepare for the test on 1/17.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
