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Questions and Answers
What is the effect of increasing slope on the potential energy of water in a watershed?
What is the effect of increasing slope on the potential energy of water in a watershed?
What is the primary role of vegetation in controlling runoff and erosion?
What is the primary role of vegetation in controlling runoff and erosion?
What is the result of replacing natural sponges with impervious surfaces in watersheds?
What is the result of replacing natural sponges with impervious surfaces in watersheds?
What is the impact of industrial and agricultural activities on watersheds?
What is the impact of industrial and agricultural activities on watersheds?
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What is the effect of steep slopes on the watershed?
What is the effect of steep slopes on the watershed?
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What is the result of increased runoff in watersheds?
What is the result of increased runoff in watersheds?
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Study Notes
Slope/Gradient/Topography
- Steepness of the land surface affects discharge and watershed, with increased slope resulting in higher potential energy and erosive power of water.
- Steep slopes have a high degree of runoff and are more susceptible to erosion.
Land Use/Land Cover
- Vegetative cover helps control runoff and erosion by:
- Reducing raindrop impact on the soil surface
- Reducing water flow velocity
- Allowing for greater infiltration of water into the soil
- Impervious surfaces (e.g., streets, parking lots, rooftops) increase runoff and erosion by:
- Reducing water absorption
- Increasing water flow to waterways
- Causing stream bank erosion, sedimentation, and flooding
- Natural features like wetlands, uncompact soils, and vegetation absorb water runoff and reduce erosion.
Human Impact on Watersheds
- Industrial and agricultural activities can alter watersheds through:
- Point sources of pollution (e.g., pipes discharging pollutants from industrial plants or sewage treatment facilities)
- Nonpoint sources of pollution
- Human activities affect watershed productivity, including:
- Hydrological cycle
- Water provision for urban, agricultural, and environmental needs
- Sociopolitical-ecological entity ensuring food, social, and economic security
Importance of Watersheds
- Watersheds provide life support services to rural people, including:
- Water provision
- Food security
- Social and economic security
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Description
This quiz explores how topography and land use affect watershed discharge and erosion. It covers the impact of slope on water flow and the role of vegetative cover in controlling runoff.
