Geography of the Himalayas and Northern Plain

The outermost range of the Himalayas, characterized by low altitudes (900-1100 meters) and composed of unconsolidated sediments deposited by rivers.

Longitudinal valleys located between the Lesser Himalayas and the Shiwaliks, filled with gravel and alluvium.

A well-known 'Dun' located in Uttarakhand, India.

The easternmost extension of the Himalayas, known as 'Purvachal' or the 'Eastern Hills and Mountains', mostly composed of sandstones.

A series of hills located in the northeast, part of the Purvachal.

A series of hills located in the northeast, part of the Purvachal.

A series of hills located in the northeast, part of the Purvachal.

The portion of the Himalayas between the Indus and Satluj rivers, traditionally known as Punjab Himalaya, and also known regionally as Kashmir and Himachal Himalaya from west to east.

The section of the Himalayas between the Satluj and Kali rivers, known for its distinct geographical features.

The Himalayan region between the Kali and Teesta rivers, encompassing Nepal.

The part of the Himalayas located between the Teesta and Dihang rivers, covering parts of northeast India.

The fertile plain formed by the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra rivers and their tributaries in northern India.

The western part of the Northern Plain, primarily formed by the Indus and its tributaries, with a large portion located in Pakistan.

The central portion of the Northern Plain, extending between the Ghaggar and Teesta rivers, and known for its fertile land.

The process by which sediments are transported and deposited by rivers, leading to the formation of fertile plains.

A fertile, newer floodplain deposit formed by annual river flooding, ideal for agriculture.

An older, less fertile floodplain deposit, containing calcareous deposits known as kankar.

A large, triangular landmass in south-central India, formed by the break-up of Gondwana land.

A plateau in central India, located north of the Narmada river.

A series of hills that mark the eastern edge of the Deccan Plateau.

A series of hills that mark the western edge of the Deccan Plateau.

A plateau in central India, bounded by the Vindhyan and Satpura ranges.

A large plateau in eastern India, drained by the Damodar river.

A series of hills in northeastern India, including the Garo, Khasi and Jaintia Hills.

A vast plateau in India, composed of old, crystalline rocks, formed from the break-up of Gondwana land.

A vast, flat area in India characterized by black soil, formed from volcanic rock weathering over time.

A narrow plain sandwiched between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea, divided into three sections: Konkan, Kannad Plain, and Malabar Coast.

An arid region in western India, characterized by sand dunes, low rainfall, and disappearing streams, with the Luni River as its main water source.

A range of highly eroded hills extending from Gujarat to Delhi in a southwest-northeast direction, found on the western and northwestern margins of the Peninsular Plateau.

A region in India known for its arid and semi-arid climate. It is characterized by sand dunes, rocky terrain, and sparse vegetation.

The direction of water flow in a river, determined by the slope of the land.

A type of rainfall caused when moist air is forced to rise by a mountain barrier.

The highest peak in the Western Ghats, reaching a height of 2,695 meters.

The highest peak in the Eastern Ghats, reaching a height of 1,501 meters.

The highest peak in the Western Ghats, reaching a height of 2,637 meters.

The process where the Western Ghats cause rain by forcing moist winds to rise along their slopes.