Geography of Jammu and Kashmir Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the geographical area of Jammu and Kashmir?

  • 42,241 km² (correct)
  • 591,462 km²
  • 35,000 km²
  • 76,000 km²

    • Which region has the highest elevation in Jammu and Kashmir?

  • Nun Peak (correct)
  • Ladakh Plateau
  • Outer Plains
  • Kashmir Valley

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the physiographic divisions of Jammu and Kashmir?

  • Indus Valley (correct)
  • Valley of Kashmir
  • Greater Himalayas
  • Foothills (Shiwaliks)

    • What natural feature predominantly influences the formation of the plains in Jammu and Kashmir?

    <p>Eroded bedrock material from rivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valley is NOT mentioned as part of Jammu and Kashmir?

    <p>Beas Valley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a local name for the outer plains of Jammu and Kashmir?

    <p>Andarwah</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which river is NOT mentioned as contributing to the plains of Jammu and Kashmir?

    <p>Jhelum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiographic division is characterized by the highest peaks in Jammu and Kashmir?

    <p>Greater Himalayas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the altitude range of the Shiwaliks?

    <p>600 - 1200m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which materials primarily compose the Duns formed between the Shiwaliks and Lesser Himalayas?

    <p>Sandstone, Clay, and Silt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which range is known as the longest range in the Lesser Himalayas?

    <p>Pir Panjal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average elevation range of the Lesser Himalayas?

    <p>3600 - 4600m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Kandi regions known for?

    <p>Undulating slopes inhabited by Dhoodiya Gujjars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the hill station of Gulmarg located?

    <p>In the Lesser Himalayas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pass connects the Kashmir valley with Rajouri and Poonch?

    <p>Haji Pir Pass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which river does not have its source in the Lesser Himalayas?

    <p>Chenab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average height range of the Greater Himalayas?

    <p>4500 to 6100 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mountain range separates Zanskar from Ladakh?

    <p>Zanskar Range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Ladakh Range extend to in the southeast?

    <p>Tibetan border</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for Karakorum mountain range?

    <p>Chhogori</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which peak is located in the Greater Himalayas range?

    <p>Nanga Parbat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following passes is NOT located in the Zanskar Range?

    <p>Umling La</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Jawahar Tunnel?

    <p>To provide a route through the Pir Panjal mountain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the elevation of Leh town in the Upper Indus Valley?

    <p>3500 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tunnels is recognized as India's longest railway tunnel?

    <p>Banihal Railway Tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pass is part of the Ladakh Range?

    <p>Khardung La</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geological features are referred to as Karewas in the Valley of Kashmir?

    <p>Flat-topped mounds of loamy soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pass connects Banihal with Qazigund?

    <p>Jawahar Tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of deposits are found in the Karewas?

    <p>Lacustrine deposits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valley is not listed as a side valley within the Valley of Kashmir?

    <p>Kishtwar Valley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant geological event contributed to the drainage of water from the Kashmir Valley?

    <p>Endogenetic stresses creating the Baramullah Gorge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate length of the Atal Tunnel?

    <p>5.5 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest peak in the Karakoram mountain range?

    <p>K2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which passes are used for traveling from Ladakh to Chinese Turkistan?

    <p>Karakoram Pass and Nubra Pass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mountain range includes Nanga Parbat?

    <p>Himalayas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region is primarily controlled by India in the Depsang Plains area?

    <p>Western portion of Depsang Plains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym SSN stand for in the context of Indian military terminology?

    <p>Sub-Sector North</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mountain is NOT mentioned as part of the Jammu and Kashmir mountain ranges?

    <p>K2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What height defines the majority of summits in the Karakoram range?

    <p>Higher than 7,500 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geographical feature primarily lies north of the Depsang Plains?

    <p>Karakoram Pass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mountain is the tallest peak in Jammu and Kashmir?

    <p>Nun Peak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the Suru and Zanskar Valleys?

    <p>Pensi La</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following volcanic peaks is considered dormant?

    <p>Soyamji</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pass is situated between Leh and Kullu?

    <p>Baralacha La</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes Kharewa peak?

    <p>A dead volcanic peak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the names of the important passes in Toshmaidan and Kajinag?

    <p>Basmai Gali and Poonch Gali</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year did Soyamji volcanic peak erupt for 13 months?

    <p>1934</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mountain range do Toshmaidan and Kajinag belong to?

    <p>Inner Himalayas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Physiography of Jammu and Kashmir

    • Jammu and Kashmir is a union territory in northern India, situated in the Himalayas.
    • Created on October 31, 2019.
    • Capital: Srinagar (summer) and Jammu (winter).
    • Total geographical area: 42,241 km².
    • Total population: 12,267,013.
    • Population density: 290/km².
    • Districts: 20.
    • Secretariat: Jammu and Srinagar.
    • High Court: High Court of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.
    • Official languages: Kashmiri, Dogri, Urdu, Hindi, and English.

    UT Symbols

    • UT Animal: Hangul (Kashmir Stag), a critically endangered subspecies of elk found in Dachigam National Park.
    • UT Bird: The Khalij Pheasant, found in forests and thickets from Pakistan to western Thailand. Declared official UT bird on October 21, 2021.
    • UT Tree: The Chinar tree (Platanus orientalis). Also known as Booune in Kashmiri.
    • UT Flower: The Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera).
    • UT Emblem: The government of Jammu and Kashmir uses the words "Government of Jammu and Kashmir" on official documents, either alone or in conjunction with the National Emblem of India.

    Location

    • Situated in the northern part of India in the Himalayas.
    • Latitude: 32° 17' N - 35° 10' N.
    • Longitude: 73° 26' E - 76° 20' E.
    • Area: 42,241 km².
    • Borders: Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in the south, Ladakh UT in the north/east, and partially under Pakistan's control.
    • Geographical size: Second-largest UT after Ladakh, and Delhi.

    Physiographic Divisions

    • Jammu and Kashmir is a mountainous region with variations in height from 914 m to 7135 m (Nun Peak).
    • The UT is divided into seven physiographic divisions.
    • These divisions include: Outer Plains, Foothills (Shiwaliks), Lesser Himalayas (Pir Panjal), Valley of Kashmir, Greater Himalayas, The Karakoram Region, and Ladakh Plateau.

    Plains

    • The plains were formed by the erosion of bedrock material carried by rivers like the Chenab, Ravi, Tawi, Ujh, and Basantar.
    • These plains are in the southern parts of Jammu and Kashmir.
    • The outer plains are locally known as "Andarwah" or "Bajwat," featuring numerous hill torrents.
    • Seasonal torrents ("Khads") characterize these areas.

    Foothills (Shiwaliks)

    • The Shiwaliks are the foothills of the Himalayas, composed of younger tertiary rocks.
    • Width: 20 to 50 km.
    • Altitude: 600–1200 m.
    • Includes long ridges, longitudinal valleys, and Duns (e.g., Udhampur, Bhasoli, Kotli).

    Lesser Himalayas

    • Also known as Middle Himalayas, lying between the Ravi River in the east and the Poonch in the west.
    • Composed of volcanic rocks, granite, gneiss, quartz, etc.
    • Average elevation: 3,600–4,600 meters.
    • Major ranges: Pir Panjal (longest and Westernmost), Dhauladhar.
    • Features: Vaishno Devi cave.
    • Rivers sourced here: Tawi, Manawar-Tawi, Basantra, and Ujh rivers.

    Valley of Kashmir

    • A deep, asymmetrical basin between Pir Panjal and the Western Himalayas.
    • Filled with lake sediments and alluvial deposits from the upper Jhelum River.
    • Features extensive plateaus of alluvial and lacustrine material (Karewas).
    • Contains important side valleys like Lidder valley and Sind valley.

    Karewas (Wudurs)

    • Are lacustrine deposits (deposits in lakes) found in the Kashmir Valley and Bhadarwah Valley.
    • They are flat-topped mounds of loamy soil encompassing the Kashmir Valley.
    • Geologists believe they formed from the filling of the Kashmir valley by water from the Tethys Sea during the Pleistocene period.
    • Later, river drainage created the present terrain with deposits.

    Greater Himalayas

    • Located North of the Pir Panjal and Dhauladhar ranges.
    • Average elevation: 4,500–6,100 m.
    • Zanskar and other ranges found here (with peaks like Kun and Nun).
    • Also includes Nanga Parbat for its elevation.

    Zanskar Range

    • A mountain range within the Tethys Himalaya, separating the Zanskar region from Ladakh.
    • Contains high peaks.
    • Important passes (like Marbal, Zojila, Fotu, Namika, Pensi).

    Ladakh Range

    • A southern extension of the Karakoram Range.
    • Stretching 230 miles/370 km from Indus-Shyok confluence to the Tibetan border.
    • Includes the main mountain passes: Chorbat, Digar La, Khardungi La, Chang La, Umling La, and Tsaka La.

    Upper Indus Valley

    • Includes areas from the Tibetan border to the point in the Pakistani region of Kashmir, westwards.
    • Tributary rivers form alluvial fans in the main valley.
    • Leh town is in this valley (at an elevation of 3500 m).

    Karakorum

    • A substantial portion is under Gilgit-Baltistan (controlled by Pakistan).
    • Also known as the Mount Godwin-Austen/Chogori/Savage Mountains.
    • The range's high peaks (like K2, Gasherbrum, Masherbrum) are globally significant.
    • Passes: Karakorum Pass, Nubra.

    Ladakh Plateau

    • A high-altitude, gravelly plain in the northwest portion of Aksai Chin, bordering Tibet.
    • Includes the Depsang Plains, which are geographically important.
    • Important passes: Karakoram Pass, Lingi Tang Plains, etc.

    Mountains of Jammu and Kashmir

    • Kashmir Valley surrounded by high mountains.
    • Important mountains and ranges: Amarnath, Afarwat, Burzil, Karakoram, Nanga Parbat, Harmukh Mountain, Nun Kun, Pir Panjal, Shiwalik, Toshmaidan, Kajinag, Soyamji Peak, Kharewa.

    Volcanic Mountains

    • Soyamji and Kharewa are dormant volcanic peaks in Jammu and Kashmir.
    • The lecturer cites the eruption of Soyamji in 1934.

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    Physiography of Jammu and Kashmir PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge about the geographical features of Jammu and Kashmir! This quiz covers topics such as elevation, physiographic divisions, and significant natural features of the region. Challenge yourself with questions about rivers, valleys, and important locations.

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